Wind characteristics atop Shanghai Tower during typhoon Jongdari using field monitoring data

In this paper, detailed analysis of field wind data atop the Shanghai Tower is conducted to investigate the wind characteristics evolution generated by typhoon Jongdari, which can provide useful information for high altitude wind features in dense building landform to aid wind-resistant design of 600 m + super-tall buildings. The necessity of data preprocessing is discussed, and some precautions for processing wind directions are pointed out. Correlations of the mean wind speeds in different averaging times are analyzed using a non-stationary wind velocity model. The fluctuation wind characteristics at evolutional stages of the typhoon, including turbulence intensity, gust factor, integral scale of turbulence and power spectrum, are discussed and compared with several typhoons measured atop other super-tall buildings. Based on analysis, the ratio of the mean wind speeds between 10 min and 1 h averaging times remains stable. It is found that there is a slight difference between the linear and nonlinear fitting of three longitudinal parameters (i.e., the gust factor, turbulence intensity and gust duration time), but obvious error exists as to the linear fitting of the lateral parameters. Statistical results of the turbulent integral scale reflect relatively violent excitation of the turbulent wind to the structure, and the spectra of turbulent velocity are associated with various characteristics in different stages of the typhoon.