TY - JOUR
T1 - Virtual Verification and Validation to Enhance Sustainability of Manufacturing Systems
AU - Bi, Zhuming
AU - Mikkola, Aki
AU - Ip, Wai Hung
AU - Yung, Kai Leung
AU - Luo, Chaomin
N1 - Funding Information:
The work of Zhuming Bi was supported in part by 2023–2024 Fulbright-Nokia Distinguished Chair in Information and Communications Technologies and in part by the Harris Chair in Wireless Communications and Applied Research with Purdue University Fort Wayne.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 IEEE.
PY - 2024/3/1
Y1 - 2024/3/1
N2 - In this paper, the concept of Sustainable Manufacturing (SM) is discussed, and the focus is put on the elimination of wastes in a product’s life cycle. Recent development on enabling technologies to advance SM are surveyed to identify promising research areas. We have found virtual Verification and Validation (V&V) should be promoted to enhance the sustainability especially in Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs). V&V are typically non-value-added and the effects on V&V should be minimized; while due to lack of expertise, most of SMEs rely heavily on prototyping and physical experiments to evaluate their products. We propose virtual V&V to replace physical experiments to the maximum extent. To show the significance of the proposed concept, a case study of virtual V&V system is developed to reduce the needs of physical prototyping and testing in product development. This benefits greatly to (1) cost savings by replacing numerous physical prototyping and testing by virtual V&V, (2) lead-time reduction for new product to enter emerging markets, and (3) global optimization of product design by analyzing and exploring a large number of design options. The improvement at these aspects contributes to system sustainability significantly. The concept of using virtual V&V to reduce non-value-added prototyping and testing is applicable to manufacturing businesses in most of SMEs who design and test their own products. Note to Practitioners —This work is highly motivated by a number of the authors’ industry projects with regional SMEs who put heavy investments in testing to prove products’ quality to clients before the orders for products can be awarded; manufacturing businesses related to testing are non-value-added that should be minimized from the perspective of sustainability. Virtual V&V is proposed as a vital solution to overcome their dilemma, and the proposed solution has its theoretical and practical significance to reduce wastes, shorten lead-times, and optimize products based on parametric study for a wide scope of design alternatives. This helps to increase the lifespan of SMEs ultimately
AB - In this paper, the concept of Sustainable Manufacturing (SM) is discussed, and the focus is put on the elimination of wastes in a product’s life cycle. Recent development on enabling technologies to advance SM are surveyed to identify promising research areas. We have found virtual Verification and Validation (V&V) should be promoted to enhance the sustainability especially in Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs). V&V are typically non-value-added and the effects on V&V should be minimized; while due to lack of expertise, most of SMEs rely heavily on prototyping and physical experiments to evaluate their products. We propose virtual V&V to replace physical experiments to the maximum extent. To show the significance of the proposed concept, a case study of virtual V&V system is developed to reduce the needs of physical prototyping and testing in product development. This benefits greatly to (1) cost savings by replacing numerous physical prototyping and testing by virtual V&V, (2) lead-time reduction for new product to enter emerging markets, and (3) global optimization of product design by analyzing and exploring a large number of design options. The improvement at these aspects contributes to system sustainability significantly. The concept of using virtual V&V to reduce non-value-added prototyping and testing is applicable to manufacturing businesses in most of SMEs who design and test their own products. Note to Practitioners —This work is highly motivated by a number of the authors’ industry projects with regional SMEs who put heavy investments in testing to prove products’ quality to clients before the orders for products can be awarded; manufacturing businesses related to testing are non-value-added that should be minimized from the perspective of sustainability. Virtual V&V is proposed as a vital solution to overcome their dilemma, and the proposed solution has its theoretical and practical significance to reduce wastes, shorten lead-times, and optimize products based on parametric study for a wide scope of design alternatives. This helps to increase the lifespan of SMEs ultimately
KW - Digital twins (DT-I)
KW - computer aided engineering (CAE)
KW - digital manufacturing
KW - digital triads (DT-II)
KW - fatigue prediction
KW - finite element analysis (FEA)
KW - product life cycle (PLC)
KW - sustainability
KW - sustainability manufacturing
KW - virtual verification and validation (V&V)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85187006008&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TASE.2024.3370053
DO - 10.1109/TASE.2024.3370053
M3 - Journal article
SN - 1545-5955
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering
JF - IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering
ER -