Use of UWB Impulse Radio Technology in In-Car Communications: Power Limits and Optimization

In-car wireless data communications systems require a short-range unlicensed radio communications technology that causes a very low level of interference in the other, already deployed radio links and networks, offers low and medium data rate, can reuse the already occupied radio-frequency (RF) bands, and assures low probability of message collisions. Ultrawide band (UWB) impulse radio employs RF pulses with very short duration to carry the information; consequently, it is an optimal candidate for the in-car wireless communications and intravehicular wireless sensor networks. Data rate and shape of RF carrier pulse determine the performance of a UWB radio link. To limit the interference caused, the maximum power radiated by an UWB device is restricted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the U.S. Introducing a new mathematical model and starting from the FCC regulations, analytical expressions for the calculation of FCC power limits are derived here. It is shown that the low-A nd high-rate UWB impulse radio systems are peak and average power limited, respectively. The relationship between the mathematical model and the parameters of an UWB carrier pulse used in a built UWB radio is established. The performances of RF carrier pulses known from the literature are evaluated and compared. All expressions derived are verified by measurements.