Use of generative AI in research: Ethical considerations and emotional experiences

This study examines researchers’ ethical concerns toward the deployment of GenAI in research and their emotional responses. To acquire an in-depth understanding, we used narrative frames and follow-up interviews to collect data from 22 researchers who reported extensive experience with GenAI. An inductive thematic analysis revealed three themes capturing ethical concerns that invoked three types of emotional reactions. From an ethical perspective, our participants were concerned with “human ethical agency in AI research practices,” “cognitive impacts of overreliance on GenAI in research,” and “ethical issues of access, accuracy, and privacy.” From an emotional perspective, they showed “mixed emotions,” “positive emotions,” and “negative emotions” when dealing with GenAI tools. There were close connections between the ethical implications of GenAI and the emotional reactions to them. In this light, we conclude that emotional reactions to GenAI, which are determinants of future use, should be taken more seriously in further research.