TY - JOUR
T1 - Unexpected seasonal variations and high levels of ozone observed at the summit of Nanling Mountains
T2 - Impact of Asian monsoon on southern China
AU - Wang, Yu
AU - Shen, Jin
AU - Wang, Hao
AU - Wu, Gengchen
AU - Chen, Yaqiu
AU - Liu, Tao
AU - Gong, Daocheng
AU - Ou, Jie
AU - Shi, Yuankang
AU - Zhang, Tao
AU - He, Chunqian
AU - Chen, Duohong
AU - Wang, Boguang
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41877370, 42077190 and 42005080), National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC0213901, 2017YFC0212806 and 2018YFC0213903), Science and Technology Key Projects (2019B110206002 and 2019B121202002) of Guangdong Province of China, and the fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M673059). We thank Yu Zheng of Shaoguan Environmental Monitoring Central Station, for his help during the sampling campaign. We also thank Guangdong Tianjing Shan Forest Farm for their great support in the field sampling.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 41877370 , 42077190 and 42005080 ), National Key R&D Program of China ( 2018YFC0213901 , 2017YFC0212806 and 2018YFC0213903 ), Science and Technology Key Projects ( 2019B110206002 and 2019B121202002 ) of Guangdong Province of China, and the fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation ( 2020M673059 ). We thank Yu Zheng of Shaoguan Environmental Monitoring Central Station, for his help during the sampling campaign. We also thank Guangdong Tianjing Shan Forest Farm for their great support in the field sampling.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/5/15
Y1 - 2021/5/15
N2 - Five-year continuous O3 measurements were conducted for the first time at the summit of Nanling Mountains (112.88° E, 24.68° N, 1690 m a.s.l), southern China in 2013–2017. Unlike most mountains over the world with O3 maximum in spring or summer, Nanling showed O3 maximum in mid-autumn (October; 62.8 ± 0.7 ppbv, ± 95% confidence intervals) and minimum in summer (July; 46.6 ± 0.7 ppbv). This distinct seasonal cycle of O3 at Nanling was mainly caused by the special impact of Asian monsoon in southern China, which brought clean maritime background air and fresh emissions of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in spring/summer, and polluted northern continental air masses in autumn/winter, respectively. Further comparisons found that O3 of Nanling in four seasons were all higher than other similar mountainous background sites, making the annual mean of O3 (55.0 ± 0.2 ppbv) at Nanling the second highest that ever reported in the mountainous sites worldwide. Moreover, the diurnal variation showed the higher impact of regional transport during nighttime from the free troposphere (FT) and presented the potential air exchange between the FT and local atmosphere in the plenary boundary layer on the summit of Nanling. Both the seasonal variation and high O3 level indicated a strong impact of anthropogenic emissions from alternatively PRD/northern China on O3 pollution in this mountainous background region. This study diversifies the seasonal variations among mountains over the world, and also illustrates the complicated impact of anthropogenic emissions on the mountainous atmosphere in southern China.
AB - Five-year continuous O3 measurements were conducted for the first time at the summit of Nanling Mountains (112.88° E, 24.68° N, 1690 m a.s.l), southern China in 2013–2017. Unlike most mountains over the world with O3 maximum in spring or summer, Nanling showed O3 maximum in mid-autumn (October; 62.8 ± 0.7 ppbv, ± 95% confidence intervals) and minimum in summer (July; 46.6 ± 0.7 ppbv). This distinct seasonal cycle of O3 at Nanling was mainly caused by the special impact of Asian monsoon in southern China, which brought clean maritime background air and fresh emissions of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in spring/summer, and polluted northern continental air masses in autumn/winter, respectively. Further comparisons found that O3 of Nanling in four seasons were all higher than other similar mountainous background sites, making the annual mean of O3 (55.0 ± 0.2 ppbv) at Nanling the second highest that ever reported in the mountainous sites worldwide. Moreover, the diurnal variation showed the higher impact of regional transport during nighttime from the free troposphere (FT) and presented the potential air exchange between the FT and local atmosphere in the plenary boundary layer on the summit of Nanling. Both the seasonal variation and high O3 level indicated a strong impact of anthropogenic emissions from alternatively PRD/northern China on O3 pollution in this mountainous background region. This study diversifies the seasonal variations among mountains over the world, and also illustrates the complicated impact of anthropogenic emissions on the mountainous atmosphere in southern China.
KW - Diurnal variation
KW - Nanling national background site
KW - O
KW - PRD
KW - Seasonal variation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104143775&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118378
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118378
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85104143775
VL - 253
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
SN - 1352-2310
M1 - 118378
ER -