Ultrasound of malignant cervical lymph nodes

Anil T. Ahuja, Tin Cheung Ying, S. Y. Ho, G. Antonio, Y. P. Lee, A. D. King, K. T. Wong

Research output: Journal article publicationReview articleAcademic researchpeer-review

237 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Malignant lymph nodes in the neck include metastases and lymphoma. Cervical nodal metastases are common in patients with head and neck cancers, and their assessment is important as it affects treatment planning and prognosis. Neck nodes are also a common site of lymphomatous involvement and an accurate diagnosis is essential as its treatment differs from other causes of neck lymphadenopathy. On ultrasound, grey scale sonography helps to evaluate nodal morphology, whilst power Doppler sonography is used to assess the vascular pattern. Grey scale sonographic features that help to identify metastatic and lymphomatous lymph nodes include size, shape and internal architecture (loss of hilar architecture, presence of intranodal necrosis and calcification). Soft tissue oedema and nodal matting are additional grey scale features seen in tuberculous nodes or in nodes that have been previously irradiated. Power Doppler sonography evaluates the vascular pattern of nodes and helps to identify the malignant nodes. In addition, serial monitoring of nodal size and vascularity are useful features in the assessment of treatment response.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)48-56
Number of pages9
JournalCancer Imaging
Volume8
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 18 Apr 2008

Keywords

  • Cervical lymph nodes
  • Lymphoma
  • Metastases
  • Ultrasound

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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