Typologies of Response to Adversities Questionnaire (TRAQ): A novel measure to capture the resilience process in young people

According to the Youth Resilience Process Model (Y-RPM), resilience involves being aware of how one is responding to adversity for immediate self-preservation. This study developed and validated the Typologies of Response to Adversities Questionnaire (TRAQ) to capture expressions of four typologies of initial response to adversities–Boast and Undermine, Evade and Disengage, Ruminate and Obsess, and Conform and Please–in young people. In Phase 1, TRAQ items corresponding to the four patterns of initial responses were compiled using Delphi technique. In Phase 2, the psychometric properties of the 20-item TRAQ were tested in a sample of 2,154 youths. Confirmatory factory analysis found the 4-factor correlated model provided the best representation of the latent structure of the TRAQ in the present sample. Findings suggest the TRAQ is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used as an intervention tool to promote youth resilience across community and clinical settings.