TY - JOUR
T1 - Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric properties of the Hausa version of the Insomnia Severity Index among internally displaced persons in Africa
AU - Salihu, D.
AU - Wong, E. M.L.
AU - Kwan, R. Y.C.
AU - Bello, U. M.
AU - Chutiyami, M.
AU - Leung, A. Y.M.
AU - Miller, T.
AU - Ibrahim, A. A.
AU - Jalo, H. A.
AU - Leung, D. Y.P.
N1 - Funding Information:
The School of Nursing of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University funded this research study, under a studentship for Dauda Salihu, as part of his PhD project.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge the support and critical appraisal provided by Dr T.S Almajir, Deputy Director Centre for Research in Nigerian Languages, Translation & Folklore, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria. The work of Bello is supported by The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government and InnoHK.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Background: Although sleep disturbances and insomnia are common among Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), these disorders remain largely understudied among victims fleeing ethnoreligious genocide. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), though a widely used measure of insomnia, has not been translated, cross-culturally adapted, nor validated in common African languages. This paper aimed to translate, adapt and validate the ISI scale into Hausa, the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in African continent. Methods: A six-stage validation model was used for the translation and adaptation of the ISI into Hausa [(ISI-Hausa), Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI)=0.9 to 1.0]. The tool was administered among IDPs residing in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria, from October to November 2019. A total of 281 participants from six camps were recruited via convenience sampling. The psychometric properties of the scale were assessed using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Cronbach's alpha (α) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) for determining factor structure, internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively. Results: Exploratory factor reduction resulted in a two-factor solution, with “ severity of insomnia ” identified as the construct for Factor 1 and “ impact of insomnia ” as the construct for Factor 2. Factor 1 consisted of four scale items and Factor 2 consisted of three items. Factor loadings for each item ranged from 0.535-0.812. The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α=0.72) and good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.72) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The ISI-Hausa scale is a psychometrically sound and culturally relevant tool for assessing the severity and impact of insomnia among Hausa speaking IDPs in Africa.
AB - Background: Although sleep disturbances and insomnia are common among Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), these disorders remain largely understudied among victims fleeing ethnoreligious genocide. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), though a widely used measure of insomnia, has not been translated, cross-culturally adapted, nor validated in common African languages. This paper aimed to translate, adapt and validate the ISI scale into Hausa, the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in African continent. Methods: A six-stage validation model was used for the translation and adaptation of the ISI into Hausa [(ISI-Hausa), Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI)=0.9 to 1.0]. The tool was administered among IDPs residing in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria, from October to November 2019. A total of 281 participants from six camps were recruited via convenience sampling. The psychometric properties of the scale were assessed using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Cronbach's alpha (α) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) for determining factor structure, internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively. Results: Exploratory factor reduction resulted in a two-factor solution, with “ severity of insomnia ” identified as the construct for Factor 1 and “ impact of insomnia ” as the construct for Factor 2. Factor 1 consisted of four scale items and Factor 2 consisted of three items. Factor loadings for each item ranged from 0.535-0.812. The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α=0.72) and good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.72) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The ISI-Hausa scale is a psychometrically sound and culturally relevant tool for assessing the severity and impact of insomnia among Hausa speaking IDPs in Africa.
KW - Africa
KW - Hausa speakers
KW - Insomnia severity index
KW - Internally displaced persons
KW - Psychometric properties
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130422830&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.03.011
DO - 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.03.011
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35605347
AN - SCOPUS:85130422830
VL - 96
SP - 57
EP - 63
JO - Sleep Medicine
JF - Sleep Medicine
SN - 1389-9457
ER -