Time for hydrogen buses? Dynamic analysis of the Hong Kong bus market

Zhuowei Wang, Jiangbo Yu, Guoyuan Li, Chengxiang Zhuge, Anthony Chen

Research output: Journal article publicationJournal articleAcademic researchpeer-review

16 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The tradeoff between hydrogen buses (H-buses) and electric bus (E-buses) is an important issue in public transportation electrification. This study investigated the feasibility and policy implications of Hong Kong achieving its goal of carbon neutrality via a competitive bus-market mechanism. First, we established a dynamic bus-market evolution model by using the system dynamics method to adopt a generalized Lotka–Volterra model and discrete choice model. We then applied the model to the case of Hong Kong and tested various policies. The results showed that (1) relying on business-as-usual policies and market evolution may result in only 66% of Hong Kong's bus fleet being zero-emission by 2050; (2) long-term subsidies for H-bus purchases and support for hydrogen stations are effective for H-bus market; (3) carbon tax may not be effective owing to its small proportion of total cost; and (4) policymakers should consider the delay effect of advocacy for green consumption.

Original languageEnglish
Article number103602
JournalTransportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
Volume115
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2023

Keywords

  • Electric bus
  • Hong Kong
  • Hydrogen bus
  • Market evolution
  • Policy analysis
  • System dynamics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Civil and Structural Engineering
  • Transportation
  • General Environmental Science

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