Tightly Coupled GNSS/INS Integration via Factor Graph and Aided by Fish-Eye Camera

Weisong Wen, Xiwei Bai, Yin Chiu Kan, Li Ta Hsu

Research output: Journal article publicationJournal articleAcademic researchpeer-review

155 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

GNSS/INS integrated solution has been extensively studied over the past decades. However, its performance relies heavily on environmental conditions and sensor costs. The GNSS positioning can obtain satisfactory performance in the open area. Unfortunately, its accuracy can be severely degraded in a highly urbanized area, due to the notorious multipath effects and none-line-of-sight (NLOS) receptions. As a result, excessive GNSS outliers occur, which causes a huge error in GNSS/INS integration. This paper proposes to apply a fish-eye camera to capture the sky view image to further classify the NLOS and line-of-sight (LOS) measurements. In addition, the raw INS and GNSS measurements are tightly integrated using a state-of-the-art probabilistic factor graph model. Instead of excluding the NLOS receptions, this paper makes use of both the NLOS and LOS measurements by treating them with different weightings. Experiments conducted in typical urban canyons of Hong Kong showed that the proposed method could effectively mitigate the effects of GNSS outliers, and an improved accuracy of GNSS/INS integration was obtained, when compared with the conventional GNSS/INS integration.

Original languageEnglish
Article number8853328
Pages (from-to)10651-10662
Number of pages12
JournalIEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Volume68
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2019

Keywords

  • autonomous driving
  • camera
  • factor graph
  • GNSS
  • INS
  • integration
  • positioning

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Automotive Engineering
  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering
  • Applied Mathematics

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