TY - JOUR
T1 - Theoretical Analysis of Beam-Steerable, Broadside-Radiating Huygens Dipole Antenna Arrays and Experimental Verification of an Ultrathin Prototype for Wirelessly Powered IoT Applications
AU - Lin, Wei
AU - Ziolkowski, Richard W.
N1 - Funding Information:
and in part by the UTS Chancellor’s Postdoctoral Fellowship under Grant PRO18-6147.
Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Australia Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award under Grant PRO20-9959,
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 IEEE.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - The theoretical analysis of beam-steerable, broadside-radiating Huygens dipole antenna arrays (HDAAs) is presented. Linear HDAAs with different numbers of elements are investigated and compared with full-wave simulations. Their attractive performance characteristics for wirelessly powered IoT applications are emphasized. Each Huygens dipole antenna (HDA) is an electrically small, linearly polarized, efficient, unidirectional radiating element. Linear HDAAs are confirmed to achieve high directivity beams in one principle plane and significantly broad beamwidths in the orthogonal principle plane. Very stable gain variation when their main beam is steered is demonstrated. A practical beam-steerable, broadside-radiating, linear HDAA is developed that employs an experimentally-verified HDA and is facilitated by a microstrip power-divider feed network. The entire HDAA design is ultrathin ( \lambda{0}/240.87 ), lying only on a single piece Rogers Duroid ^{TM}~5880 copper-clad substrate. A proof-of-concept 3-element HDAA prototype excited with a 3\times 3 Butler matrix centered at 2.45 GHz was designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results, in very good agreement with their simulated values, demonstrate the efficacy of the linear HDAA designs and their potential usefulness for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems dedicated to emerging IoT applications that require power be directed towards terminals in multiple specified directions with broad area coverage at each one.
AB - The theoretical analysis of beam-steerable, broadside-radiating Huygens dipole antenna arrays (HDAAs) is presented. Linear HDAAs with different numbers of elements are investigated and compared with full-wave simulations. Their attractive performance characteristics for wirelessly powered IoT applications are emphasized. Each Huygens dipole antenna (HDA) is an electrically small, linearly polarized, efficient, unidirectional radiating element. Linear HDAAs are confirmed to achieve high directivity beams in one principle plane and significantly broad beamwidths in the orthogonal principle plane. Very stable gain variation when their main beam is steered is demonstrated. A practical beam-steerable, broadside-radiating, linear HDAA is developed that employs an experimentally-verified HDA and is facilitated by a microstrip power-divider feed network. The entire HDAA design is ultrathin ( \lambda{0}/240.87 ), lying only on a single piece Rogers Duroid ^{TM}~5880 copper-clad substrate. A proof-of-concept 3-element HDAA prototype excited with a 3\times 3 Butler matrix centered at 2.45 GHz was designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results, in very good agreement with their simulated values, demonstrate the efficacy of the linear HDAA designs and their potential usefulness for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems dedicated to emerging IoT applications that require power be directed towards terminals in multiple specified directions with broad area coverage at each one.
KW - Antenna arrays
KW - beam-steering
KW - Butler matrix
KW - electrically small antennas
KW - Huygens dipole antennas
KW - wireless power transfer (WPT)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85116058723&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/OJAP.2021.3111834
DO - 10.1109/OJAP.2021.3111834
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85116058723
SN - 2637-6431
VL - 2
SP - 954
EP - 967
JO - IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation
JF - IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation
M1 - 9536591
ER -