Abstract
With the more stringent regulations on emissions and fuel economy, global warming, and constraints on energy resources, the electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles have attracted more and more attention by automakers, governments, and customers. Research and development efforts have been focused on developing novel concepts, low-cost systems, and reliable hybrid electric powertrain. This paper reviews the state of the art of electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles. The topologies for each category and the enabling technologies are discussed
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 4168013 |
| Pages (from-to) | 704-718 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Proceedings of the IEEE |
| Volume | 95 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2007 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Electric drives
- Electric machines
- Electric vehicle
- Fuel cell vehicles
- Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)
- Modeling
- Power electronics
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Computer Science
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering