The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis

Ben Man-hin Wong; Eric Ka-hin See; Andy Yat-shun Tang; Kenneth Ho-lang Chung; Matthew Nok-him Fung; Man Ha Tsang

The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis

Ben Man-hin Wong
, Eric Ka-hin See
, Andy Yat-shun Tang
, Kenneth Ho-lang Chung
, Matthew Nok-him Fung
, Man Ha Tsang

Research output: Unpublished conference presentation (presented paper, abstract, poster) › Poster › Academic research › peer-review

Abstract

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the real-time effects of bilateral shoulder extension exercises, performed at combinations of standardized load and pace, on abdominal core muscle activation, postural stability, and spinal alignment in asymptomatic adults with lumbar hyperlordosis

Methods:

This cross-sectional within-subject comparative study investigated the electromyography (EMG) of rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and transversus abdominis-internal oblique (TrA-IO) normalized to percentage of maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC), center of pressure excursion in anterior-posterior direction (COPEap), and lumbar lordotic angle using surface topography, measured during bilateral shoulder extension exercises executed under 2x2 conditions defined by 75% vs 30% of 1RM for load and 90bpm vs 45bpm for pace: high-load high-pace (HLHP), high-load low-pace (HLLP), low-load high-pace (LLHP), and low load low pace (LLLP), in randomized order. Listed outcomes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction.

Results:

All thirty eligible male adults (25.9±3.4 years) completed all exercises. RA activity was highest in HLLP compared to other conditions (11.72% MVC, p < 0.001), while high-load exercises showed significantly greater activation for EO (HLHP and HLLP) and TrA-IO (HLLP), as compared to low-load exercises at corresponding pace (ps< 0.005). COPEap was significantly greater in HLLP (71.94 ± 17.73 mm) than in LLHP (47.23 ± 10.72 mm) and LLLP (47.37 ± 10.08 mm) (ps< 0.001). Lordotic angle was significantly lower in HLLP (54.97° ± 7.78°) over LLLP (56.44° ± 6.52°) (p = 0.004).

Conclusions:

Bilateral shoulder extension exercises effectively engage abdominal core muscles in males with lumbar hyperlordosis, with HLHP maximizing core stabilizer activation.

Original language	English
Publication status	Not published / presented only - 8 Nov 2025
Event	14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation : Innovations in Rehabilitaiton Sciences: Research, Education and Knowledge Transfer - InnoCentre, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Duration: 8 Nov 2025 → 9 Nov 2025 https://events.polyu.edu.hk/14thppcr/home

Conference

Conference	14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation
Abbreviated title	PPCR 2025
Country/Territory	Hong Kong
City	Hong Kong
Period	8/11/25 → 9/11/25
Internet address	https://events.polyu.edu.hk/14thppcr/home

Keywords

Abdominal core muscle activation
Lumbar hyperlordosis
Postural stability
Spinal alignment
Electromyography

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Wong, B. M., See, E. K., Tang, A. Y., Chung, K. H., Fung, M. N., & Tsang, M. H. (2025). The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis. Poster session presented at 14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation , Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Wong, Ben Man-hin ; See, Eric Ka-hin ; Tang, Andy Yat-shun et al. / The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis. Poster session presented at 14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation , Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

@conference{5a4818ddd3ef433bb9f3f3e10e927b3d,

title = "The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis",

abstract = "Aims: This study aimed to investigate the real-time effects of bilateral shoulder extension exercises, performed at combinations of standardized load and pace, on abdominal core muscle activation, postural stability, and spinal alignment in asymptomatic adults with lumbar hyperlordosis Methods: This cross-sectional within-subject comparative study investigated the electromyography (EMG) of rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and transversus abdominis-internal oblique (TrA-IO) normalized to percentage of maximal voluntary contraction (\%MVC), center of pressure excursion in anterior-posterior direction (COPEap), and lumbar lordotic angle using surface topography, measured during bilateral shoulder extension exercises executed under 2x2 conditions defined by 75\% vs 30\% of 1RM for load and 90bpm vs 45bpm for pace: high-load high-pace (HLHP), high-load low-pace (HLLP), low-load high-pace (LLHP), and low load low pace (LLLP), in randomized order. Listed outcomes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. Results: All thirty eligible male adults (25.9±3.4 years) completed all exercises. RA activity was highest in HLLP compared to other conditions (11.72\% MVC, p < 0.001), while high-load exercises showed significantly greater activation for EO (HLHP and HLLP) and TrA-IO (HLLP), as compared to low-load exercises at corresponding pace (ps< 0.005). COPEap was significantly greater in HLLP (71.94 ± 17.73 mm) than in LLHP (47.23 ± 10.72 mm) and LLLP (47.37 ± 10.08 mm) (ps< 0.001). Lordotic angle was significantly lower in HLLP (54.97° ± 7.78°) over LLLP (56.44° ± 6.52°) (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Bilateral shoulder extension exercises effectively engage abdominal core muscles in males with lumbar hyperlordosis, with HLHP maximizing core stabilizer activation. ",

keywords = "Abdominal core muscle activation, Lumbar hyperlordosis, Postural stability, Spinal alignment, Electromyography",

author = "Wong, \{Ben Man-hin\} and See, \{Eric Ka-hin\} and Tang, \{Andy Yat-shun\} and Chung, \{Kenneth Ho-lang\} and Fung, \{Matthew Nok-him\} and Tsang, \{Man Ha\}",

year = "2025",

month = nov,

day = "8",

language = "English",

note = "14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation : Innovations in Rehabilitaiton Sciences: Research, Education and Knowledge Transfer, PPCR 2025 ; Conference date: 08-11-2025 Through 09-11-2025",

url = "https://events.polyu.edu.hk/14thppcr/home",

}

Wong, BM, See, EK, Tang, AY, Chung, KH, Fung, MN & Tsang, MH 2025, 'The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis', 14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation , Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 8/11/25 - 9/11/25.

The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis. / Wong, Ben Man-hin; See, Eric Ka-hin; Tang, Andy Yat-shun et al.
2025. Poster session presented at 14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation , Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Research output: Unpublished conference presentation (presented paper, abstract, poster) › Poster › Academic research › peer-review

TY - CONF

T1 - The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis

AU - Wong, Ben Man-hin

AU - See, Eric Ka-hin

AU - Tang, Andy Yat-shun

AU - Chung, Kenneth Ho-lang

AU - Fung, Matthew Nok-him

AU - Tsang, Man Ha

PY - 2025/11/8

Y1 - 2025/11/8

N2 - Aims: This study aimed to investigate the real-time effects of bilateral shoulder extension exercises, performed at combinations of standardized load and pace, on abdominal core muscle activation, postural stability, and spinal alignment in asymptomatic adults with lumbar hyperlordosis Methods: This cross-sectional within-subject comparative study investigated the electromyography (EMG) of rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and transversus abdominis-internal oblique (TrA-IO) normalized to percentage of maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC), center of pressure excursion in anterior-posterior direction (COPEap), and lumbar lordotic angle using surface topography, measured during bilateral shoulder extension exercises executed under 2x2 conditions defined by 75% vs 30% of 1RM for load and 90bpm vs 45bpm for pace: high-load high-pace (HLHP), high-load low-pace (HLLP), low-load high-pace (LLHP), and low load low pace (LLLP), in randomized order. Listed outcomes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. Results: All thirty eligible male adults (25.9±3.4 years) completed all exercises. RA activity was highest in HLLP compared to other conditions (11.72% MVC, p < 0.001), while high-load exercises showed significantly greater activation for EO (HLHP and HLLP) and TrA-IO (HLLP), as compared to low-load exercises at corresponding pace (ps< 0.005). COPEap was significantly greater in HLLP (71.94 ± 17.73 mm) than in LLHP (47.23 ± 10.72 mm) and LLLP (47.37 ± 10.08 mm) (ps< 0.001). Lordotic angle was significantly lower in HLLP (54.97° ± 7.78°) over LLLP (56.44° ± 6.52°) (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Bilateral shoulder extension exercises effectively engage abdominal core muscles in males with lumbar hyperlordosis, with HLHP maximizing core stabilizer activation.

AB - Aims: This study aimed to investigate the real-time effects of bilateral shoulder extension exercises, performed at combinations of standardized load and pace, on abdominal core muscle activation, postural stability, and spinal alignment in asymptomatic adults with lumbar hyperlordosis Methods: This cross-sectional within-subject comparative study investigated the electromyography (EMG) of rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and transversus abdominis-internal oblique (TrA-IO) normalized to percentage of maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC), center of pressure excursion in anterior-posterior direction (COPEap), and lumbar lordotic angle using surface topography, measured during bilateral shoulder extension exercises executed under 2x2 conditions defined by 75% vs 30% of 1RM for load and 90bpm vs 45bpm for pace: high-load high-pace (HLHP), high-load low-pace (HLLP), low-load high-pace (LLHP), and low load low pace (LLLP), in randomized order. Listed outcomes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. Results: All thirty eligible male adults (25.9±3.4 years) completed all exercises. RA activity was highest in HLLP compared to other conditions (11.72% MVC, p < 0.001), while high-load exercises showed significantly greater activation for EO (HLHP and HLLP) and TrA-IO (HLLP), as compared to low-load exercises at corresponding pace (ps< 0.005). COPEap was significantly greater in HLLP (71.94 ± 17.73 mm) than in LLHP (47.23 ± 10.72 mm) and LLLP (47.37 ± 10.08 mm) (ps< 0.001). Lordotic angle was significantly lower in HLLP (54.97° ± 7.78°) over LLLP (56.44° ± 6.52°) (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Bilateral shoulder extension exercises effectively engage abdominal core muscles in males with lumbar hyperlordosis, with HLHP maximizing core stabilizer activation.

KW - Abdominal core muscle activation

KW - Lumbar hyperlordosis

KW - Postural stability

KW - Spinal alignment

KW - Electromyography

M3 - Poster

T2 - 14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation

Y2 - 8 November 2025 through 9 November 2025

ER -

Wong BM, See EK, Tang AY, Chung KH, Fung MN, Tsang MH. The Real-Time Effects of Bilateral Shoulder Extension Exercise Performed in Combinations of Varying Load and Pace on Abdominal Core Muscle Activation, Postural Stability and Spinal Alignment in Asymptomatic Adults with Lumbar Hyperlordosis. 2025. Poster session presented at 14th Pan-Pacific Conference on Rehabilitation , Hong Kong, Hong Kong.