Systematic analysis on the chemical reaction to the material removal in bonnet polishing of fused silica glass

Fused silica glass, known for its exceptional physical and chemical properties, is widely used across diverse industries. Cerium oxide (CeO₂), a common polishing abrasive, is extensively employed in polishing fused silica surfaces. Studies have revealed that chemical reactions occur on fused silica surfaces during polishing processes with CeO₂ abrasives. While these chemical reactions have been studied in the context of chemical-mechanical polishing on fused silica surfaces, the chemical impacts of employing a small, compliant polishing tool on fused silica surfaces remain unclear. In this study, we use CeO₂ abrasive and alumina (Al₂O₃) abrasive as polishing slurries and utilize a bonnet tool to polish fused silica surfaces. Through a comparative analysis of the removal efficiency of the tool influence function, alterations in surface hardness, and the sub-surface damage layer, we found that the primary factor governing material removal is the chemical reactions between CeO₂ and fused silica. These reactions effectively soften the fused silica molecule layers and contribute to rapid material removal. This research fills the knowledge gap regarding the chemical effects during bonnet polishing with CeO₂ abrasive. It offers valuable insights for efficient material removal control in the context of bonnet polishing fused silica surfaces. These insights will also be applicable to other computer-controlled polishing processes for fused silica glass utilizing CeO₂ slurry.