Stress-Strain behaviour of Cement-Stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits

Tsz On Ho; Wen Bo Chen; Jian Hua Yin; Pei Chen Wu; Daniel C.W. Tsang

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122103

Stress-Strain behaviour of Cement-Stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits

Tsz On Ho, Wen Bo Chen, Jian Hua Yin, Pei Chen Wu, Daniel C.W. Tsang

Research output: Journal article publication › Journal article › Academic research › peer-review

56 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The deep cement mixing (DCM) technique is an in-situ ground improvement method to stabilize and solidify soft clay ground. To facilitate the practical design of DCM, it is necessary to establish the relationship between the strength and stiffness of cement treated soil with governing factors first. In this study, the influence of different seawater and cement contents on the strength and stiffness of cement stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits (HKMD) was investigated by a series of unconfined/confined compression tests. According to the experimental results, an attempt was made to predict the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), q_u, by using a simple empirical equation based on water/cement ratio (w/c). The correlation between the strength and secant modulus of improved HKMD was obtained. Importantly, a linear relationship between small-strain (ε < 0.1%) stiffness and q_u was formulated based on the measurement results from local linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) and strain gauges. Besides, the effect of w/c on the failure mode of the specimens was revealed. In addition, the consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests indicated that specimens gained higher peak strength with increase of confining pressure. All the findings are of practical significance for the local ground improvement industry as well as for other coastal cities around the world.

Original language	English
Article number	122103
Journal	Construction and Building Materials
Volume	274
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122103
Publication status	Published - 8 Mar 2021

Keywords

Deep cement mixing
Ground improvement
Hong Kong Marine Deposits
Small-strain measurement
Stress–strain behaviour

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Civil and Structural Engineering
Building and Construction
General Materials Science

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122103

Cite this

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title = "Stress-Strain behaviour of Cement-Stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits",

abstract = "The deep cement mixing (DCM) technique is an in-situ ground improvement method to stabilize and solidify soft clay ground. To facilitate the practical design of DCM, it is necessary to establish the relationship between the strength and stiffness of cement treated soil with governing factors first. In this study, the influence of different seawater and cement contents on the strength and stiffness of cement stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits (HKMD) was investigated by a series of unconfined/confined compression tests. According to the experimental results, an attempt was made to predict the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), qu, by using a simple empirical equation based on water/cement ratio (w/c). The correlation between the strength and secant modulus of improved HKMD was obtained. Importantly, a linear relationship between small-strain (ε < 0.1%) stiffness and qu was formulated based on the measurement results from local linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) and strain gauges. Besides, the effect of w/c on the failure mode of the specimens was revealed. In addition, the consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests indicated that specimens gained higher peak strength with increase of confining pressure. All the findings are of practical significance for the local ground improvement industry as well as for other coastal cities around the world.",

keywords = "Deep cement mixing, Ground improvement, Hong Kong Marine Deposits, Small-strain measurement, Stress–strain behaviour",

author = "Ho, {Tsz On} and Chen, {Wen Bo} and Yin, {Jian Hua} and Wu, {Pei Chen} and Tsang, {Daniel C.W.}",

note = "Funding Information: The work in this paper is supported by a Research Impact Fund (RIF) project (R5037-18), a Three-based Research Scheme Fund (TRS) project (T22-502/18-R), and three General Research Fund (GRF) projects (PolyU 152209/17E; PolyU 152179/18E; PolyU 152130/19E;) from Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government of China. The authors also acknowledge the financial supports from Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University and three grants (BBAG, ZDBS, ZVNC) from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Last but not least, the authors would like to take this opportunity to offer our sincere gratitude to Ms. Elaine Anson who polished the manuscript, Mr. Lo Chun Hang, who assisted to conduct and prepare the laboratory tests, as well as the editors and reviewers who provided meaningful comments. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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month = mar,

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doi = "10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122103",

language = "English",

volume = "274",

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AU - Ho, Tsz On

AU - Chen, Wen Bo

AU - Yin, Jian Hua

AU - Wu, Pei Chen

AU - Tsang, Daniel C.W.

N1 - Funding Information: The work in this paper is supported by a Research Impact Fund (RIF) project (R5037-18), a Three-based Research Scheme Fund (TRS) project (T22-502/18-R), and three General Research Fund (GRF) projects (PolyU 152209/17E; PolyU 152179/18E; PolyU 152130/19E;) from Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government of China. The authors also acknowledge the financial supports from Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University and three grants (BBAG, ZDBS, ZVNC) from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Last but not least, the authors would like to take this opportunity to offer our sincere gratitude to Ms. Elaine Anson who polished the manuscript, Mr. Lo Chun Hang, who assisted to conduct and prepare the laboratory tests, as well as the editors and reviewers who provided meaningful comments. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Elsevier Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/3/8

Y1 - 2021/3/8

N2 - The deep cement mixing (DCM) technique is an in-situ ground improvement method to stabilize and solidify soft clay ground. To facilitate the practical design of DCM, it is necessary to establish the relationship between the strength and stiffness of cement treated soil with governing factors first. In this study, the influence of different seawater and cement contents on the strength and stiffness of cement stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits (HKMD) was investigated by a series of unconfined/confined compression tests. According to the experimental results, an attempt was made to predict the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), qu, by using a simple empirical equation based on water/cement ratio (w/c). The correlation between the strength and secant modulus of improved HKMD was obtained. Importantly, a linear relationship between small-strain (ε < 0.1%) stiffness and qu was formulated based on the measurement results from local linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) and strain gauges. Besides, the effect of w/c on the failure mode of the specimens was revealed. In addition, the consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests indicated that specimens gained higher peak strength with increase of confining pressure. All the findings are of practical significance for the local ground improvement industry as well as for other coastal cities around the world.

AB - The deep cement mixing (DCM) technique is an in-situ ground improvement method to stabilize and solidify soft clay ground. To facilitate the practical design of DCM, it is necessary to establish the relationship between the strength and stiffness of cement treated soil with governing factors first. In this study, the influence of different seawater and cement contents on the strength and stiffness of cement stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits (HKMD) was investigated by a series of unconfined/confined compression tests. According to the experimental results, an attempt was made to predict the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), qu, by using a simple empirical equation based on water/cement ratio (w/c). The correlation between the strength and secant modulus of improved HKMD was obtained. Importantly, a linear relationship between small-strain (ε < 0.1%) stiffness and qu was formulated based on the measurement results from local linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) and strain gauges. Besides, the effect of w/c on the failure mode of the specimens was revealed. In addition, the consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial tests indicated that specimens gained higher peak strength with increase of confining pressure. All the findings are of practical significance for the local ground improvement industry as well as for other coastal cities around the world.

KW - Deep cement mixing

KW - Ground improvement

KW - Hong Kong Marine Deposits

KW - Small-strain measurement

KW - Stress–strain behaviour

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DO - 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122103

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AN - SCOPUS:85098504019

SN - 0950-0618

VL - 274

JO - Construction and Building Materials

JF - Construction and Building Materials

M1 - 122103

ER -

Stress-Strain behaviour of Cement-Stabilized Hong Kong marine deposits

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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