TY - JOUR
T1 - Stairwell smoke transport in a full-scale high-rise building
T2 - Influence of opening location
AU - He, Junjiang
AU - Huang, Xinyan
AU - Ning, Xiaoyao
AU - Zhou, Tiannian
AU - Wang, Jian
AU - Yuan, Richard
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is supported by National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC0809500 ). The authors gratefully acknowledge all of this support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/10
Y1 - 2020/10
N2 - In this study, a series of experiments were conducted with varying number of pool fires and opening location (floor with ventilation openings) in a 21-story full-scale office building to study the transport phenomena and stratification of hot smoke in the stairwell. The experiments show that the flame of the pool fire inclines away from the side lobby door as pushed by the side air entrainment. The strength of stack effect in the stairwell initially increases, then decreases with the opening height increases. The rise in temperature in the stairwell can be divided into a lower and an upper region, depending on the location and attenuation effect of the upper opening. In the lower region, both the stack effect and turbulent mixing play important roles in the movement of hot smoke, whereas in contrast, in the upper region, turbulent mixing dominates. The equivalent heat release rate for hot smoke in the upper region is determined through theoretical analysis, and an integrated correlation is proposed for predicting the rise time of the smoke plume in the stairwell. These unique full-scale experiments provide crucial experimental data and empirical correlations that help the design of safer smoke ventilation systems for stairwells in a high-rise building.
AB - In this study, a series of experiments were conducted with varying number of pool fires and opening location (floor with ventilation openings) in a 21-story full-scale office building to study the transport phenomena and stratification of hot smoke in the stairwell. The experiments show that the flame of the pool fire inclines away from the side lobby door as pushed by the side air entrainment. The strength of stack effect in the stairwell initially increases, then decreases with the opening height increases. The rise in temperature in the stairwell can be divided into a lower and an upper region, depending on the location and attenuation effect of the upper opening. In the lower region, both the stack effect and turbulent mixing play important roles in the movement of hot smoke, whereas in contrast, in the upper region, turbulent mixing dominates. The equivalent heat release rate for hot smoke in the upper region is determined through theoretical analysis, and an integrated correlation is proposed for predicting the rise time of the smoke plume in the stairwell. These unique full-scale experiments provide crucial experimental data and empirical correlations that help the design of safer smoke ventilation systems for stairwells in a high-rise building.
KW - Empirical correlation
KW - Full-scale experiment
KW - Smoke ventilation
KW - Temperature distribution
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85091199600&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103151
DO - 10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103151
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85091199600
SN - 0379-7112
VL - 117
JO - Fire Safety Journal
JF - Fire Safety Journal
M1 - 103151
ER -