Shore power management for maritime transportation: Status and perspectives

Due to the gradual increase in maritime cargo volume, exhaust fumes from the maritime industry have become a concern of various sectors of society. In particular, because of their proximity to human habitation, emissions from docked ships are a serious health hazard. Shore power, as a promising approach to reducing ship emissions in port areas, has drawn attention from governments, industries, and academia. This paper reviews studies of shore power's economic challenges from the perspective of ship owners, port authorities, and governments. The basic models roughly summarize the costs of shore power for different interested parties. In addition, some technical reports and governmental studies of shore power are reviewed. This paper provides scholars interested in this area with a systematic review of current research on shore power. Research opportunities that are worth investigating and the potential forces driving the popularization of shore power are identified. We hope that the review helps to increase research on this topic.