TY - JOUR
T1 - Seasonal and diurnal surface urban heat islands in China
T2 - an investigation of driving factors with three-dimensional urban morphological parameters
AU - Cao, Shisong
AU - Cai, Yile
AU - Du, Mingyi
AU - Weng, Qihao
AU - Lu, Linlin
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC) of China [Key Project #41930650] and the Scientific Research Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (No. KM202110016004) and funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (No. X20047). We thank Dr. Mengmeng Li for providing the 3D building data for SUHI explorations in the work. We appreciate the efforts of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) team to make the land surface temperature, nighttime light, NDWI, albedo and precipitation data available for free use. We also appreciate Resource and Environmental Science and Data Center of China (RESDC) for providing population density and NDVI data.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2022/7
Y1 - 2022/7
N2 - Surface urban heat island (SUHI) can considerably influence the urban environment and the quality of life. It is vital to examine how underlying surface properties impact seasonal and diurnal SUHIs. However, the influence of three-dimensional (3D) urban morphological parameters (UMPs) on SUHIs has not been thoroughly studied under varying climatic settings. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study investigated seasonal and diurnal changes in SUHI intensities (ΔT) in 208 cities in China from 2014 to 2016 using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature products. In addition, the influence of potential factors in urban surface energy balance, including two-dimensional (2D) and 3D UMPs, socio-economic indices, urban greening, and surface albedo, on seasonal and diurnal ΔT were assessed under different climatic settings and with different city sizes using the method of Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). Results show that negative summer daytime ΔT was observed in some cities under dry climates. Generally, in summer, the ΔT during daytime was higher than at nighttime. The 3D UMPs (i.e. building height and volume) yielded more decisive influences on ΔT than 2D UMP (i.e. building coverage). This is particularly true for the summer diurnal cycle and under dry climatic settings. Building height was found to be negatively correlated with surface temperatures, while building volume was positively correlated. Additionally, the 3D UMPs yielded more influences on winter ΔT than summer ΔT. The capability of vegetation to regulate ΔT was more potent in dry climates than in wet climates and in small cities than in large cities. Varying climates and city sizes can modify the significance of the 2D and 3D UMPs on the urban surface energy balance, suggesting that urban thermal mitigation should consider climate background and population size.
AB - Surface urban heat island (SUHI) can considerably influence the urban environment and the quality of life. It is vital to examine how underlying surface properties impact seasonal and diurnal SUHIs. However, the influence of three-dimensional (3D) urban morphological parameters (UMPs) on SUHIs has not been thoroughly studied under varying climatic settings. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study investigated seasonal and diurnal changes in SUHI intensities (ΔT) in 208 cities in China from 2014 to 2016 using moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature products. In addition, the influence of potential factors in urban surface energy balance, including two-dimensional (2D) and 3D UMPs, socio-economic indices, urban greening, and surface albedo, on seasonal and diurnal ΔT were assessed under different climatic settings and with different city sizes using the method of Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). Results show that negative summer daytime ΔT was observed in some cities under dry climates. Generally, in summer, the ΔT during daytime was higher than at nighttime. The 3D UMPs (i.e. building height and volume) yielded more decisive influences on ΔT than 2D UMP (i.e. building coverage). This is particularly true for the summer diurnal cycle and under dry climatic settings. Building height was found to be negatively correlated with surface temperatures, while building volume was positively correlated. Additionally, the 3D UMPs yielded more influences on winter ΔT than summer ΔT. The capability of vegetation to regulate ΔT was more potent in dry climates than in wet climates and in small cities than in large cities. Varying climates and city sizes can modify the significance of the 2D and 3D UMPs on the urban surface energy balance, suggesting that urban thermal mitigation should consider climate background and population size.
KW - city size
KW - climate background
KW - diurnal temperature cycle
KW - geographically weighted regression
KW - seasonal temperature cycle
KW - Surface urban heat island
KW - three-dimensional urban morphological parameters
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85134576302&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/15481603.2022.2100100
DO - 10.1080/15481603.2022.2100100
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85134576302
SN - 1548-1603
VL - 59
SP - 1121
EP - 1142
JO - GIScience and Remote Sensing
JF - GIScience and Remote Sensing
IS - 1
ER -