Reviewing pollutant dispersion around buildings

The purpose of this review is to systematically review On-site measurements, physical scale modeling (wind tunnel and water channel experiments) and different computational fluid dynamics turbulence models (DNS, RANS and LES). On-site measurement is a somewhat dear approach. Regarding to its accuracy, it still could under-predict the roof concentration. Physical scale modeling can be more controllable for airflow and building configurations, but the accuracies of them are still arguable. The accuracies of each turbulence model are different. DNS can provide the most accurate results in finite volume calculations; but it is impractical for simulations due to large computational requirements. LES can over-predict the lateral pollutant concentration in the wake region of the building and requires somewhat larger computational demand and times. Although RANS is the most commonly used model for pollutant dispersion and infection control issues, it over-predicts surface concentrations downwind of the sources.