Abstract
Purpose: Metastasis is commonly associated with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Being an important angiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a central role in HCC growth and metastasis. Recently, Id-1 (inhibitor of differentiation/DNA synthesis) has been suggested to be a key factor in cancer progression but the molecular mechanism remains unknown. Experimental Design: We first showed that overexpression of Id-1 was correlated with HCC metastasis (P < 0.001) and its expression was significantly correlated with VEGF expression by tissue microarray. By ectopic transfection of Id-1 into HCC cells, Id-1 was able to induce VEGF secretion through activation of VEGF transcription. Results: Increased VEGF secretion in Id-1 transfectants induced morphologic change and proliferation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cell resulting in promotion of angiogenesis. Id-1 induced transcriptional activation of VEGF by stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor-1α protein. Down-regulation of Id-1 by antisense approach led to suppression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-mediated VEGF production. In addition, Id-1 suppression resulted in retardation of cell invasion through down-regulation of VEGF. Conclusions: Id-1 is a novel angiogenic factor for HCC metastasis and down-regulation of Id-1 may be a novel target to inhibit HCC metastasis through suppression of angiogenesis.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 6910-6919 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Clinical Cancer Research |
Volume | 12 |
Issue number | 23 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Dec 2006 |
Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Oncology
- Cancer Research