Recommendations for Implementing Circular Economy in Construction: Direct Reuse of Steel Structures

The principles of circular economy (CE) were well defined long ago, but adapting it to the construction sector is a long-winded and complicated task as several stakeholders are involved. This review article comprehensively analysed the existing technologies and management ideas. The barriers that impede implementing CE in construction are summarised and solutions to overcome them are suggested with practical aspects. An alternative direct reuse circular economy approach is proposed to further reduce upfront carbon emissions. An improved design concept called Design for Deconstruction and Reuse (DfDR) is suggested with the integration of interlocking connections for enabling the direct reuse of structural elements and increasing productivity. A strategy for practically integrating the various features of the direct reuse concept for implementing the circular economy in construction is proposed. More importantly, this article emphasised how steel structures can be a suitable solution for achieving a circular economy in construction. A potential take-back business model with a sustainable (self-driven) circularity mechanism is also suggested.