Recent advances in imaging devices: image sensors and neuromorphic vision sensors

Remarkable developments in image recognition technology trigger demands for more advanced imaging devices. In recent years, traditional image sensors, as the go-to imaging devices, have made substantial progress in their optoelectronic characteristics and functionality. Moreover, a new breed of imaging device with information processing capability, known as neuromorphic vision sensors, is developed by mimicking biological vision. In this review, we delve into the recent progress of imaging devices, specifically image sensors and neuromorphic vision sensors. This review starts by introducing their core components, namely photodetectors and photonic synapses, while placing a strong emphasis on device structures, working mechanisms and key performance parameters. Then it proceeds to summarize the noteworthy achievements in both image sensors and neuromorphic vision sensors, including advancements in large-scale and high-resolution imaging, filter-free multispectral recognition, polarization sensitivity, flexibility, hemispherical designs, and self-power supply of image sensors, as well as in neuromorphic imaging and data processing, environmental adaptation, and ultra-low power consumption of neuromorphic vision sensors. Finally, the challenges and prospects that lie ahead in the ongoing development of imaging devices are addressed. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)