Recent advances in electrospun carbon nanofibers and their application in electrochemical energy storage

Biao Zhang, Feiyu Kang, Jean Marie Tarascon, Jang Kyo Kim

Research output: Journal article publicationReview articleAcademic researchpeer-review

655 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been widely used in electrochemical energy storage devices because of their excellent conductivities, extremely large surface areas and structural stability. In energy storage devices like rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors, CNFs play multi-functional roles as active electrode materials, conductive additives and substrates for supporting active metal (oxides). Electrospinning offers a low cost and scalable technique to fabricate CNFs and their hybrids with tunable nanostructures. This paper summarizes various design strategies for producing random, aligned and core/shell structured fibers, and elucidates the influences of polymer precursors, processing parameters, conductive additives and catalysts on functional, morphological and structural characteristics of CNFs. The current start-of-the-art developments for applications in Li-ion batteries, supercapacitors, Na-ion batteries, Li-O2batteries and Li-S batteries are reviewed. Key issues that affect the electrochemical performance of the electrodes, such as the chemical and atomic structures, electrical conductivities, surface areas and pore size distribution of CNFs, and the particle size, shape and dispersion of metal (oxides) encapsulated in CNFs, are discussed and their solutions suggested. Future prospects on further optimization of the structure and performance, and challenges encountered in large-scale applications of electrospun CNFs are proposed.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)319-380
Number of pages62
JournalProgress in Materials Science
Volume76
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Battery
  • Carbon nanofiber
  • Electrospinning
  • Energy storage

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Materials Science

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