TY - GEN
T1 - Pyramid
T2 - 40th IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, INFOCOM 2021
AU - Hong, Zicong
AU - Guo, Song
AU - Li, Peng
AU - Chen, Wuhui
N1 - Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT The work described in this paper was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2018YFB1003800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61872310, 61802450), JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research grant number JP19K20258, Hong Kong RGC Research Impact Fund (RIF) with the Project No. R5060-19 and R5034-18, General Research Fund (GRF) with the Project No. 152221/19E, Collaborative Research Fund (CRF) with the Project No. C5026-18G, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (2018A030313005), the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams (2017ZT07X355), and the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program (No. 2019QN01X130).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 IEEE.
PY - 2021/5/10
Y1 - 2021/5/10
N2 - Sharding can significantly improve the blockchain scalability, by dividing nodes into small groups called shards that can handle transactions in parallel. However, all existing sharding systems adopt complete sharding, i.e., shards are isolated. It raises additional overhead to guarantee the atomicity and consistency of cross-shard transactions and seriously degrades the sharding performance. In this paper, we present Pyramid, the first layered sharding blockchain system, in which some shards can store the full records of multiple shards thus the cross-shard transactions can be processed and validated in these shards internally. When committing cross-shard transactions, to achieve consistency among the related shards, a layered sharding consensus based on the collaboration among several shards is presented. Compared with complete sharding in which each cross-shard transaction is split into multiple sub-transactions and cost multiple consensus rounds to commit, the layered sharding consensus can commit cross-shard transactions in one round. Furthermore, the security, scalability, and performance of layered sharding with different sharding structures are theoretically analyzed. Finally, we implement a prototype for Pyramid and its evaluation results illustrate that compared with the state-of-the-art complete sharding systems, Pyramid can improve the transaction throughput by 2.95 times in a system with 17 shards and 3500 nodes.
AB - Sharding can significantly improve the blockchain scalability, by dividing nodes into small groups called shards that can handle transactions in parallel. However, all existing sharding systems adopt complete sharding, i.e., shards are isolated. It raises additional overhead to guarantee the atomicity and consistency of cross-shard transactions and seriously degrades the sharding performance. In this paper, we present Pyramid, the first layered sharding blockchain system, in which some shards can store the full records of multiple shards thus the cross-shard transactions can be processed and validated in these shards internally. When committing cross-shard transactions, to achieve consistency among the related shards, a layered sharding consensus based on the collaboration among several shards is presented. Compared with complete sharding in which each cross-shard transaction is split into multiple sub-transactions and cost multiple consensus rounds to commit, the layered sharding consensus can commit cross-shard transactions in one round. Furthermore, the security, scalability, and performance of layered sharding with different sharding structures are theoretically analyzed. Finally, we implement a prototype for Pyramid and its evaluation results illustrate that compared with the state-of-the-art complete sharding systems, Pyramid can improve the transaction throughput by 2.95 times in a system with 17 shards and 3500 nodes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111918335&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/INFOCOM42981.2021.9488747
DO - 10.1109/INFOCOM42981.2021.9488747
M3 - Conference article published in proceeding or book
AN - SCOPUS:85111918335
T3 - Proceedings - IEEE INFOCOM
SP - 1
EP - 10
BT - INFOCOM 2021 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Y2 - 10 May 2021 through 13 May 2021
ER -