Promoting moderate-to-vigorous physical activities in patients with advanced lung cancer: preferences and social cognitive factors, and the mediating roles

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence and preferences of moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (MVPA) in patients with advanced lung cancer, explore the social cognitive factors that were associated with MVPA and interest in PA counseling and program, and examine the mediating role of social cognitive factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Questionnaires on PA levels, PA counseling and programming preferences, and social cognitive variables (social support and self-efficacy) were administered to 105 patients with advanced lung cancer. Linear regression model was used to explore the social cognitive factors associated with MVPA, and logistic regression model was used to explore the factors associated with interest in PA counseling and program. Mediation analysis was used to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy on social support and MVPA. Results: Merely 30.5% of patients met the recommended level of MVPA; however, the majority of patients (89.5%) were interested in PA program. Social support (β = 0.60; p = 0.007) and self-efficacy (β = 1.06; p = 0.027) were positively associated with MVPA. Specifically, self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support and MVPA (β = 0.63, p = 0.004). Conclusion: The majority of the patients with advanced lung cancer did not meet the recommended level of MVPA; however, they are interested in receiving PA counseling and joining PA programs. Social support was key to promoting higher levels of MVPA, and the association was mediated by self-efficacy. The established mediating model provides insights into designing PA programs and targeting the mediating variable, self-efficacy, to enhance the level of MVPA.