TY - JOUR
T1 - Preliminary validation of the Chinese version of the Shame and Stigma Scale among patients with facial disfigurement from nasopharyngeal carcinoma
AU - Cai, Yuqi
AU - Zhang, Yuan
AU - Cao, Wangnan
AU - Hou, Fengsu
AU - Xin, Meiqi
AU - Guo, Vivian Yawei
AU - Deng, Yang
AU - Wang, Shenghao
AU - You, Xinyi
AU - Li, Jinghua
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Sun Yat-Sen University Young Teacher Incubation Foundation of China, grant number Ref#20ykpy84. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors would like to thank all participants who took the time to contribute to this study. The authors would also like to thank doctors in the field for their assistance in the recruitment and screening of participants.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Cai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2022/12/22
Y1 - 2022/12/22
N2 - Objective This study examined the reliability and validity of a Shame and Stigma Scale (SSS) and assessed shame and stigma among patients with facial disfigurement from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Data were collected from 218 patients with NPC through a cross-sectional survey between January 14, 2020, and December 1, 2020. The original SSS is a 20-item scale with four dimensions (i.e., shame with appearance, sense of stigma, regret, and social/speech concern). We used Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega to assess reliability and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to assess the factor structure. We also used Pearson correlation analysis to examine the relationship between each item and total score of scale items and convergent validity. Results The final 18-item SSS had a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .89. The EFA revealed that the SSS has a four-factor structure: sense of stigma, social/speech concern, shame with appearance, and regret. These factors showed satisfactory reliability, with McDonald’s omega coefficients of .87, .77, .86, and .79, respectively. The scale showed significant relationship between each item and total score of scale items with respect to item–total correlations, item–subscale correlations, and item–other-subscale correlations. Convergent validity was supported by the significant positively correlated with the total scores for depression and anxiety. Conclusion The SSS is valid and reliable in assessing shame and stigma and monitoring treatment compliance among patients with NPC.
AB - Objective This study examined the reliability and validity of a Shame and Stigma Scale (SSS) and assessed shame and stigma among patients with facial disfigurement from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Data were collected from 218 patients with NPC through a cross-sectional survey between January 14, 2020, and December 1, 2020. The original SSS is a 20-item scale with four dimensions (i.e., shame with appearance, sense of stigma, regret, and social/speech concern). We used Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega to assess reliability and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to assess the factor structure. We also used Pearson correlation analysis to examine the relationship between each item and total score of scale items and convergent validity. Results The final 18-item SSS had a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of .89. The EFA revealed that the SSS has a four-factor structure: sense of stigma, social/speech concern, shame with appearance, and regret. These factors showed satisfactory reliability, with McDonald’s omega coefficients of .87, .77, .86, and .79, respectively. The scale showed significant relationship between each item and total score of scale items with respect to item–total correlations, item–subscale correlations, and item–other-subscale correlations. Convergent validity was supported by the significant positively correlated with the total scores for depression and anxiety. Conclusion The SSS is valid and reliable in assessing shame and stigma and monitoring treatment compliance among patients with NPC.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144582272&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0279290
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0279290
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36548282
AN - SCOPUS:85144582272
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 17
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 12 December
M1 - e0279290
ER -