Performance of a hybrid direct ammonia fuel cell with hydrogen peroxide reduction

In this work, a hybrid direct ammonia fuel cell, consisting of an alkaline anode, a cation exchange membrane, and an acid cathode, is developed. Taking the advantage of hybrid configuration, this fuel cell exhibits an extremely high theoretical voltage of 2.55 V, which helps to boost the cell performance. Experimental results depict that this hybrid direct ammonia fuel cell achieves an open-circuit voltage of 1.42 V and a power density of over 600 mW cm⁻² at 95 °C. Furthermore, this study explores the effects of species concentrations, operating temperatures, and thicknesses of the membrane on cell performance to gain insights into mass/charge transport mechanisms inside the cell and develop performance-enhancing strategies.