TY - JOUR
T1 - PBDEs in the atmosphere over the Asian marginal seas, and the Indian and Atlantic oceans
AU - Li, Jun
AU - Li, Qilu
AU - Gioia, Rosalinda
AU - Zhang, Yanlin
AU - Zhang, Gan
AU - Li, Xiangdong
AU - Spiro, Baruch
AU - Bhatia, Ravinder S.
AU - Jones, Kevin C.
PY - 2011/12/1
Y1 - 2011/12/1
N2 - Air samples were collected from Jan 16 to Mar 14, 2008 onboard the Oceanic II- The Scholar Ship which navigated an east-west transect from Shanghai to Cape Verde, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in these samples. PBDE concentrations in the atmosphere over the open seas were influenced by proximity to source areas and land, and air mass origins. The concentrations of Σ21PBDEs over the East and South China Seas, the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean were 10.8 ± 6.13, 3.22 ± 1.57, 5.12 ± 3.56, and 2.87 ± 1.81 pg m-3, respectively. BDE-47 and -99 were the dominant congeners in all the samples, suggesting that the widely used commercial penta-BDE products were the original sources. Over some parts of Atlantic and Indian Ocean, daytime concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-99 were higher than the concentrations at night. The strong atmospheric variability does not always coincide with a diurnal cycle, but the variability in air concentrations in such remote areas of the ocean remains strong. No significant trends were found for each of PBDE congener with latitude.
AB - Air samples were collected from Jan 16 to Mar 14, 2008 onboard the Oceanic II- The Scholar Ship which navigated an east-west transect from Shanghai to Cape Verde, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in these samples. PBDE concentrations in the atmosphere over the open seas were influenced by proximity to source areas and land, and air mass origins. The concentrations of Σ21PBDEs over the East and South China Seas, the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean were 10.8 ± 6.13, 3.22 ± 1.57, 5.12 ± 3.56, and 2.87 ± 1.81 pg m-3, respectively. BDE-47 and -99 were the dominant congeners in all the samples, suggesting that the widely used commercial penta-BDE products were the original sources. Over some parts of Atlantic and Indian Ocean, daytime concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-99 were higher than the concentrations at night. The strong atmospheric variability does not always coincide with a diurnal cycle, but the variability in air concentrations in such remote areas of the ocean remains strong. No significant trends were found for each of PBDE congener with latitude.
KW - Atlantic Ocean
KW - Indian Ocean
KW - PBDEs
KW - POPs
KW - South China Sea
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80053911048&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.010
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.010
M3 - Journal article
VL - 45
SP - 6622
EP - 6628
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
SN - 1352-2310
IS - 37
ER -