TY - GEN
T1 - One tag, two codes: Identifying optical barcodes with NFC
AU - An, Zhenlin
AU - Lin, Qiongzheng
AU - Zhao, Xiaopeng
AU - Yang, Lei
AU - Zheng, Dongliang
AU - Wu, Guiqing
AU - Chang, Shan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 ACM.
PY - 2021/10/11
Y1 - 2021/10/11
N2 - Barcodes and NFC have become the de facto standards in the field of automatic identification and data capture. These standards have been widely adopted for many applications, such as mobile payments, advertisements, social sharing, admission control, and so on. Recently, considerable demands require the integration of these two codes (barcode and NFC code) into a single tag for the functional complementation. To achieve the goal of "one tag, two codes"(OTTC), this work proposes CoilCode, which takes advantage of the printed electronics to fuse an NFC coil antenna into a QR code on a single layer. The proposed code could be identified by cameras and NFC readers. With the use of the conductive inks, QR code and NFC code have become an essential part of each other: the modules of the QR code facilitate the NFC chip in harvesting energy from the magnetic field, while the NFC antenna itself represents bits of the QR code. Compared to the prior dual-layer OTTC, CoilCode is more compact, cost-effective, flimsy, flexible, and environment-friendly, and also reduces the fabrication complexity considerably. We prototyped hundreds of CoilCodes and conducted comprehensive evaluations (across 4 models of NFC chips and 8 kinds of NFC readers under 13 different system configurations). CoilCode demonstrates high-quality identification results for QR code and NFC functions on a wide range of inputs and under different distortion effects.
AB - Barcodes and NFC have become the de facto standards in the field of automatic identification and data capture. These standards have been widely adopted for many applications, such as mobile payments, advertisements, social sharing, admission control, and so on. Recently, considerable demands require the integration of these two codes (barcode and NFC code) into a single tag for the functional complementation. To achieve the goal of "one tag, two codes"(OTTC), this work proposes CoilCode, which takes advantage of the printed electronics to fuse an NFC coil antenna into a QR code on a single layer. The proposed code could be identified by cameras and NFC readers. With the use of the conductive inks, QR code and NFC code have become an essential part of each other: the modules of the QR code facilitate the NFC chip in harvesting energy from the magnetic field, while the NFC antenna itself represents bits of the QR code. Compared to the prior dual-layer OTTC, CoilCode is more compact, cost-effective, flimsy, flexible, and environment-friendly, and also reduces the fabrication complexity considerably. We prototyped hundreds of CoilCodes and conducted comprehensive evaluations (across 4 models of NFC chips and 8 kinds of NFC readers under 13 different system configurations). CoilCode demonstrates high-quality identification results for QR code and NFC functions on a wide range of inputs and under different distortion effects.
KW - barcodes
KW - cross-technology communication
KW - NFC
KW - reinforcement learning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102878997&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1145/3447993.3448631
DO - 10.1145/3447993.3448631
M3 - Conference article published in proceeding or book
AN - SCOPUS:85102878997
T3 - Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MOBICOM
SP - 108
EP - 120
BT - ACM MobiCom 2021 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM Annual International Conference On Mobile Computing And Networking
PB - Association for Computing Machinery
T2 - 27th ACM Annual International Conference On Mobile Computing And Networking, MobiCom 2021
Y2 - 25 October 2021 through 29 October 2021
ER -