TY - JOUR
T1 - Nonoperative management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using braces
AU - Grivas, Theodoros B
AU - Negrini, Stefano
AU - Aubin, Carl-Eric
AU - Aulisa, Angelo Gabriele
AU - Claude De Mauroy , Jean
AU - Donzelli , Sabrina
AU - Hresko, M Timothy
AU - Kotwicki, Tomasz
AU - Lou, Edmond
AU - Maruyama, Toru
AU - Parent, Eric C
AU - Rigo, Manuel
AU - Thometz, John G
AU - Wong, Man Sang
AU - Zaina, Fabio
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors disclosed the following potential conflicts of interest regarding the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: T.B.G.: advisory member of the nonoperative committee of the Scoliosis Research Society and past President of the Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment. S.N.: ISICO (Italian Scientific Spine Institute), Milan, Italy. C.-E.A.: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and discovery grant paid to the University. J.C.D.M.: EP 2 878 284 A1, coinventor of the ARTbrace. M.T.H.: Medtronics: educational laboratories for fellows; Pediatric Orthopaedic Society. NA: board member and travel support. E.C.P.: past President of the Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment. M.R.: consulting fees from Ortholutions (Rosenheim, Germany) and AlignClinic (San Mateo, CA).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 SAGE Publications Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/8/1
Y1 - 2022/8/1
N2 - This review presents the state of the art according to the current evidence on nonoperative treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, focusing on bracing. The definition of braces for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and a short history are provided. The analysis includes biomechanics, types, existing classifications, indications for treatment, time of brace wear and weaning, adherence, three-dimensional modeling, use of ultrasound imaging for bracing, management of treatment, issue of immediate in-brace correction, and documentation of the outcomes usually assessed for brace treatment, including the quality-of-life issues. According to the current evidence, there are two randomized control trials in favor of bracing. There are insufficient data on the superiority of one brace over another, although it is possible to classify and grade braces for efficacy from nonrigid to rigid and very rigid. Nevertheless, there is consensus on patients' management on the need for teamwork focusing on adherence to treatment, acceptability, and family and patient involvement.
AB - This review presents the state of the art according to the current evidence on nonoperative treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, focusing on bracing. The definition of braces for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and a short history are provided. The analysis includes biomechanics, types, existing classifications, indications for treatment, time of brace wear and weaning, adherence, three-dimensional modeling, use of ultrasound imaging for bracing, management of treatment, issue of immediate in-brace correction, and documentation of the outcomes usually assessed for brace treatment, including the quality-of-life issues. According to the current evidence, there are two randomized control trials in favor of bracing. There are insufficient data on the superiority of one brace over another, although it is possible to classify and grade braces for efficacy from nonrigid to rigid and very rigid. Nevertheless, there is consensus on patients' management on the need for teamwork focusing on adherence to treatment, acceptability, and family and patient involvement.
KW - adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
KW - braces
KW - nonoperative management
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135738224&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000117
DO - 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000117
M3 - Review article
SN - 0309-3646
VL - 46
SP - 383
EP - 391
JO - Prosthetics and Orthotics International
JF - Prosthetics and Orthotics International
IS - 4
ER -