Myopia control effect of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lens is influenced by baseline relative peripheral refraction

Purpose : Study if baseline relative peripheral refraction (RPR) profile influences myopia progression in Chinese myopic children wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) compared to single vision (SV) spectacle lenses.

Methods : Data from a 2-year randomized controlled trial were analyzed retrospectively. Peripheral refraction at 10°, 20°, and 30° nasal (10N, 20N, 30N) and temporal (T) retina were measured for the DIMS and SV group. Subjects were subdivided into two subgroups according to baseline RPR: myopic RPR (RPR ≤ 0 D) and hyperopic RPR (RPR > 0 D) subgroup. Myopia progression and axial elongation over 2 years were compared further between myopic RPR and hyperopic RPR subgroup within the SV and DIMS group.

Results : 79 subjects and 81 subjects in the DIMS and SV group were investigated respectively. The comparison between myopic RPR and hyperopic RPR at 10N and 20N was presented as other positions did not show statistically significant results. In the SV group, no statistically significant differences were noted in myopia progression (mean difference: -0.26±0.14 D, p=0.06) and axial elongation (mean difference:0.04±0.05 mm, p=0.48) between the myopic RPR (n=27) and hyperopic RPR (n=54) 10N subgroups. There was also no significant difference in myopia progression (mean difference: -0.25±0.20 D, p=0.19) and axial elongation (mean difference: 0.08±0.08 mm, p=0.27) between myopic RPR (n=11) and hyperopic RPR (n=70) subgroups at 20N. However, in the DIMS group, children with myopic RPR at 10N (n=27) showed significantly more myopia progression (mean difference: -0.36±0.14 D, p=0.009) and more axial elongation (mean difference: 0.16±0.05 mm, p=0.001) than the children with hyperopic RPR at 10N (n=52). And myopic RPR at the 20N subgroup (n=12) showed significantly more myopia progression (mean difference: -0.40±0.16 D, p=0.01) and more axial elongation (mean difference: 0.15±0.07 mm, p=0.02) than the hyperopic RPR at 20N subgroup (n=67).

Conclusions : The baseline RPR profile showed no influence in myopia progression of the SV lens wearers. DIMS lens wearers showed better efficacy in myopia control in children with relatively more baseline hyperopic RPR than children with relatively baseline myopic RPR. This suggests that using customized peripheral myopic defocus based on individual baseline RPR may help to improve myopia control effects.

This abstract was presented at the 2022 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Denver, CO, May 1-4, 2022, and virtually.