Multitransmitter, Dual-Receiver Strategy for Efficient Long-Distance Wireless Power Transfer Using Adaptive MPC

This article presents an enhanced model predictive control (MPC) strategy for long-distance dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) systems with dual receivers. The proposed system features five transmitter coils arranged in parallel to extend the effective charging zone and adopts an inductor capacitor capacitor, series compensation (LCC-S) compensation topology to maintain stable power transfer during vehicle movement. A comprehensive discrete dynamic model is developed to capture both the resonant network dynamics and output voltage characteristics, while explicit zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) boundary conditions are derived for optimal power distribution between receivers. The key innovation lies in the adaptive control strategy that dynamically adjusts step size and optimization-point-number based on both power error and variance analysis. This adaptive mechanism effectively balances dynamic response speed, steady-state error, and computational burden while significantly improving convergence characteristics near a steady state. The control algorithm incorporates a rolling optimization mechanism with a variable prediction horizon, ensuring robust operation under diverse operating conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed controller achieves faster dynamic response (0.4 ms settling time) and lower steady-state error compared to conventional approaches while maintaining optimal ZVS operation across the full power range. The system effectively maintains power regulation with minimal fluctuations during load transitions and demonstrates balanced power distribution between the dual receivers.