Multi-media map for visual navigation

Navigation using visual aids has always been an important skill for any navigator. One of the most important visual aids on land and along the coast is landmark. Traditional cartography has developed many techniques in representing landmarks on a map, including hill shaind, symbology, and perspective drawings. One of the problems in using a traditional map, which is an orthogonal projection of the land features, is that its “air-perspective” does not match the “groundperspective” of a navigator on land. In this paper, we will discuss the role of landmarks in navigation, the use of photographic images to represent landmarks, and the development of a prototype for visual navigation using a multi-media map.