@article{0f4e17a796d746fab675515d7cf4c5e9,
title = "Mineralogy and chronology of the young mare volcanism in the Procellarum-KREEP-Terrane",
abstract = "Young lunar mare basalts are recent volcanic products distributed mainly in the Procellarum-KREEP-Terrane. However, these young basalts were never investigated in situ until 2013 by Chang{\textquoteright}e-3, and then sampled by Chang{\textquoteright}e-5 in 2020. Using the returned Chang{\textquoteright}e-5 samples as ground truth, and examining Moon Mineralogy Mapper data globally, we found the young basalts containing less abundant olivine (<10%) than previously suggested. The Chang{\textquoteright}e-3 and Chang{\textquoteright}e-5 basalts belong to a type of underrepresented basalt. We reassessed the model ages of the young basalts using the new chronology function calibrated by the Chang{\textquoteright}e-5 samples and found the young basalts have a trend of increasing TiO2 abundance with time. The young basalts with an age of around 2.0 Ga (billion years ago) are widespread in the Procellarum-KREEP-Terrane, including the Chang{\textquoteright}e-5 unit. This indicates mare volcanism was still active at that time and an additional heat source or mechanism may be needed compared to older basalts. Young mare samples from Chang{\textquoteright}e-5 and other potential sites are needed to constrain the late lunar thermal and volcanic history.",
author = "Yuqi Qian and Zhenbing She and Qi He and Long Xiao and Zaicong Wang and Head, {James W.} and Lingzhi Sun and Yiran Wang and Bo Wu and Xiang Wu and Biji Luo and Kenan Cao and Yiheng Li and Mingtan Dong and Wenlei Song and Fabin Pan and Joseph Michalski and Binlong Ye and Jiawei Zhao and Siyuan Zhao and Jun Huang and Jiannan Zhao and Jiang Wang and Keqing Zong and Zhaochu Hu",
note = "Funding Information: We thank the China National Space Administration for organizing and implementing the CE-3 and CE-5 missions and providing access to the sample and data. We thank S. Li for sharing with us the thermally corrected M data and Y. Wu for discussing the CE-3 VNIS data. This research is funded by the National Key R&D Programme of China (grant no. 2020YFE0202100), the Pre-Research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies (grant nos. D020101, D020205) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 41830214, 42172337). Y.Q. is funded by the China Scholarship Council grant no. 201906410015. J.M. and B.Y. were supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council Research Impact Fund Project no. R5043-19. 3 Funding Information: We thank the China National Space Administration for organizing and implementing the CE-3 and CE-5 missions and providing access to the sample and data. We thank S. Li for sharing with us the thermally corrected M3data and Y. Wu for discussing the CE-3 VNIS data. This research is funded by the National Key R&D Programme of China (grant no. 2020YFE0202100), the Pre-Research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies (grant nos. D020101, D020205) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 41830214, 42172337). Y.Q. is funded by the China Scholarship Council grant no. 201906410015. J.M. and B.Y. were supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council Research Impact Fund Project no. R5043-19. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1038/s41550-022-01862-1",
language = "English",
volume = "7",
pages = "287--297",
journal = "Nature Astronomy",
issn = "2397-3366",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "3",
}