TY - JOUR
T1 - Mild cognitive impairment in a Spanish representative sample
T2 - prevalence and associated factors
AU - Lara, Elvira
AU - Koyanagi, Ai
AU - Olaya, Beatriz
AU - Lobo, Antonio
AU - Miret, Marta
AU - Tyrovolas, Stefanos
AU - Ayuso-Mateos, Jose Luis
AU - Haro, Josep Maria
N1 - Funding Information:
Elvira Lara's work is supported by the FPU predoctoral grant (FPU13/03573) from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. Beatriz Olaya's work is supported by the Sara Borrell postdoctoral programme (CD12/00429) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain). Ai Koyanagi's work is supported by the Miguel Servet contract financed by the CP13/00150 project, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII–General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research–and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER). Stefanos Tyrovolas received a scholarship from the Foundation for Education and European Culture (IPEP) to undertake his postdoctoral research, of which this work is a part. The research leading to these results received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement number 223071 (COURAGE in Europe), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FIS (research grant numbers PS09/00295 and PS09/01845) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation ACI-Promociona (ACI2009-1010). The study was supported by the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PY - 2016/8/1
Y1 - 2016/8/1
N2 - Objective: Given the limitations of treatments for dementia, the characterisation of the early stages of dementia is crucial for the development of preventive programmes and interventions. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and examine its medical and lifestyle correlates in a nationally representative sample of the Spanish population. Methods: A total of 3625 participants (≥50 years of age) were interviewed in a cross-sectional study. MCI was defined as the presence of cognitive concerns, the objective evidence of impairment in one or more cognitive domains, the preservation of independence in functional abilities and no dementia. Participants were also asked to provide sociodemographic, health status and lifestyle information. Logistic regression analyses were performed using the overall sample and by age groups. Results: The overall prevalence of MCI was 9.6%, with higher rates in older people and women. In the overall model, after adjustment for potential confounders, depression [odds ratio (OR) = 1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.21, 2.66], diabetes (OR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.05, 1.95), sleep disturbances (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.09, 2.55) and low level of physical activity (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.26, 2.31) were associated with significantly higher odds for MCI. When stratified by age groups, depression (OR = 2.41; 95% CI = 1.35, 4.31), stroke (OR = 3.77; 95% CI = 1.44, 9.83) and obesity (OR = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.20, 3.53) were significantly associated with MCI in middle-aged participants (50–64 years), whereas low level of physical activity (OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.32, 2.59) and sleep disturbances (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.05, 3.05) were associated with MCI in individuals aged 65+ years. Conclusions: Significant associations between MCI and psychological, cardiovascular and lifestyle factors were found. Targeting modifiable risk factors might reduce the risk for MCI and subsequent dementia.
AB - Objective: Given the limitations of treatments for dementia, the characterisation of the early stages of dementia is crucial for the development of preventive programmes and interventions. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and examine its medical and lifestyle correlates in a nationally representative sample of the Spanish population. Methods: A total of 3625 participants (≥50 years of age) were interviewed in a cross-sectional study. MCI was defined as the presence of cognitive concerns, the objective evidence of impairment in one or more cognitive domains, the preservation of independence in functional abilities and no dementia. Participants were also asked to provide sociodemographic, health status and lifestyle information. Logistic regression analyses were performed using the overall sample and by age groups. Results: The overall prevalence of MCI was 9.6%, with higher rates in older people and women. In the overall model, after adjustment for potential confounders, depression [odds ratio (OR) = 1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.21, 2.66], diabetes (OR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.05, 1.95), sleep disturbances (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.09, 2.55) and low level of physical activity (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.26, 2.31) were associated with significantly higher odds for MCI. When stratified by age groups, depression (OR = 2.41; 95% CI = 1.35, 4.31), stroke (OR = 3.77; 95% CI = 1.44, 9.83) and obesity (OR = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.20, 3.53) were significantly associated with MCI in middle-aged participants (50–64 years), whereas low level of physical activity (OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.32, 2.59) and sleep disturbances (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.05, 3.05) were associated with MCI in individuals aged 65+ years. Conclusions: Significant associations between MCI and psychological, cardiovascular and lifestyle factors were found. Targeting modifiable risk factors might reduce the risk for MCI and subsequent dementia.
KW - dementia
KW - mild cognitive impairment
KW - population-based study
KW - prevalence
KW - risk factors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84977628878&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/gps.4398
DO - 10.1002/gps.4398
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 26923809
AN - SCOPUS:84977628878
SN - 0885-6230
VL - 31
SP - 858
EP - 867
JO - International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
JF - International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
IS - 8
ER -