Mechanical motion rectification-based electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting technology: A review

In this paper, the research on mechanical motion rectification-based electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting (MMR-based EMVEH) is reviewed comprehensively. Firstly, the basic principle of MMR based on linear vibration is introduced, and the general design method of MMR is summarized, including the vibration input module and motion transfer module. Secondly, the structure, dynamics, advantages and disadvantages of different types of EMVEH based on magnetic resonance are analyzed, discussed and compared, mainly the motion conversion mechanism. With the same structural parameters, the equivalent electromagnetic damping of the AC motor is 1.5 times that of the DC motor. Thirdly, the common validation method of MMR-based EMVEH is summarized, including simulation, laboratory experiment and field test. According to the experimental results, the energy conversion efficiency of MMR with different configurations is 30–70 %. The power is due to the transmission ratio of the accelerator, ranging from 100 to 102 W. Then, the application scenarios of MMR-based EMVEH are analyzed and discussed, including vehicle suspension, road speed bumps, railway tracks, ocean waves, and human motion. In addition, the difficulties faced by MMR-based EMVEH are also proposed and analyzed under different application scenarios. Finally, the paper addresses the challenges and further investigations.