@article{cc2c1334fe2940dcad4bafb62872a713,
title = "Low-temperature processed bipolar metal oxide charge transporting layers for highly efficient perovskite solar cells",
abstract = "Metal oxide charge carrier transporting materials have been incorporated in many ways in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because of their excellent chemical stability, wide band gaps, and reasonable mobilities. Herein, we report a low-temperature solution-processed intercalation method for introducing metal oxides displaying bipolar transporting capability into PSCs. We intercalated p-type nickel oxide (NiO) with cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) to function as hole and electron transport layers for inverted (p–i–n) and conventional planar (n–i–p) PSCs, respectively. When compared with the corresponding NiO-only hole transporting layer, the Cs2CO3-intercalated NiO layer displayed enhanced electron extraction without sacrificing its hole extraction capability. The power conversion efficiencies of the inverted and conventional planar PSCs reached as high as 12.08 and 13.98%, respectively. This approach not only realizes the bipolar extraction capacity of Cs2CO3-intercalated p-type metal oxides but also opens up a possible route for preparing interconnecting layers for tandem optoelectronics.",
keywords = "Cesium carbonate intercalation, Electron transporting layer, Hole transporting layer, Low-tempreature process, Nickel oxide, Perovskite solar cells",
author = "Mriganka Singh and Yang, {Rei Ting} and Weng, {Da Wei} and Hanlin Hu and Anupriya Singh and Anisha Mohapatra and Chen, {Yu Ting} and Lu, {Yu Jung} and Guo, {Tzung Fang} and Gang Li and Lin, {Hong Cheu} and Chu, {Chih Wei}",
note = "Funding Information: H.C.L. thanks the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan (grant nos. MOST-106-2113-M-009-012-MY3 , MOST-107-2221-E-009-043-MY2 , and MOST-108-3017-F-009-004 ) and the Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science of National Chiao Tung University , from the Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education of Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan, for financial support. Y.J.L. thanks the MOST of Taiwan (grant no. MOST-106-2112-M-001-036-MY3 , MOST-109-2112-M-001-043-MY3 , and MOST-109-2811-M-001-652 ) and Academia Sinica (grant no. AS-CDA-108-M08 ) for financial support. C.W.C. thanks the MOST of Taiwan (grant no. MOST-107-2221-E-001-007-MY3 ) and Academia Sinica ( AS–SS–109-05 ) for financial support. Funding Information: H.C.L. thanks the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan (grant nos. MOST-106-2113-M-009-012-MY3, MOST-107-2221-E-009-043-MY2, and MOST-108-3017-F-009-004) and the Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science of National Chiao Tung University, from the Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education of Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan, for financial support. Y.J.L. thanks the MOST of Taiwan (grant no. MOST-106-2112-M-001-036-MY3, MOST-109-2112-M-001-043-MY3, and MOST-109-2811-M-001-652) and Academia Sinica (grant no. AS-CDA-108-M08) for financial support. C.W.C. thanks the MOST of Taiwan (grant no. MOST-107-2221-E-001-007-MY3) and Academia Sinica (AS?SS?109-05) for financial support. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020",
year = "2021",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110870",
language = "English",
volume = "221",
journal = "Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells",
issn = "0927-0248",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}
