TY - JOUR
T1 - High Fidelity MZI-BCG Sensor With Homodyne Demodulation for Unobtrusive HR and BP Monitoring
AU - Yang, Fangang
AU - Xu, Wei
AU - Lyu, Weimin
AU - Tan, Fengze
AU - Yu, Changyuan
AU - Dong, Bo
N1 - This work was supported in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council General Research Fund (HK RGC GRF) under Grant 15200718 and in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61971372.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2001-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2022/4/15
Y1 - 2022/4/15
N2 - An all-optical active homodyne detection aided fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) vital signs monitoring system is proposed and investigated. The active homodyne detection is mainly realized by employing a wavelength-tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and automatic closed-loop control system (CLCS). It can effectively maintain the MZI sensor to operate around the quadrature point and successfully eliminate the fading effect of output signal induced by low frequency drift. Therefore, high fidelity and high stableness of the ballistocardiograph (BCG) signal is guaranteed. The results show that according to the Bland-Altman and the confidence ellipse analysis, the heart rate (HR) monitoring performance reveals high accuracy and good consistence. What' more, a multiple linear regression-based blood pressure (BP) estimation model is presented, which shows that the BP is highly correlated with I-J-K complex oriented features, including IJ interval, JK interval and JK amplitude. It indeed offers a potential approach to achieve cuff-less BP estimation merely based on the high-fidelity BCG signal. In conclusion, the proposed MZI-BCG monitoring system is simple to use, and it shows great potential in future unobtrusive cardiac monitoring both in home and hospital.
AB - An all-optical active homodyne detection aided fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) vital signs monitoring system is proposed and investigated. The active homodyne detection is mainly realized by employing a wavelength-tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and automatic closed-loop control system (CLCS). It can effectively maintain the MZI sensor to operate around the quadrature point and successfully eliminate the fading effect of output signal induced by low frequency drift. Therefore, high fidelity and high stableness of the ballistocardiograph (BCG) signal is guaranteed. The results show that according to the Bland-Altman and the confidence ellipse analysis, the heart rate (HR) monitoring performance reveals high accuracy and good consistence. What' more, a multiple linear regression-based blood pressure (BP) estimation model is presented, which shows that the BP is highly correlated with I-J-K complex oriented features, including IJ interval, JK interval and JK amplitude. It indeed offers a potential approach to achieve cuff-less BP estimation merely based on the high-fidelity BCG signal. In conclusion, the proposed MZI-BCG monitoring system is simple to use, and it shows great potential in future unobtrusive cardiac monitoring both in home and hospital.
KW - Active homondyne
KW - ballistocardiograph
KW - blood pressure
KW - closed-loop control system
KW - heart rate
KW - optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126310511&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JSEN.2022.3158070
DO - 10.1109/JSEN.2022.3158070
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85126310511
SN - 1530-437X
VL - 22
SP - 7798
EP - 7807
JO - IEEE Sensors Journal
JF - IEEE Sensors Journal
IS - 8
M1 - 9730852
ER -