Hand-related activities of daily living challenges among individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A scoping review

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, leads to sensory and motor impairments that significantly affect fine motor skills, grip strength, and dexterity, limiting daily functioning. Understanding the impact of DPN on hand-related activities of daily living (ADLs) is crucial for improving patient care and outcomes. This review employed the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework to assess hand function issues. A systematic search of peer-reviewed studies was conducted across multiple databases to identify research examining the impact of DPN on hand-related ADLs. The findings were categorised using relevant ICF codes linked to hand function issues. The analysis identified four major themes: (1) the impact of DPN on daily activities and participation; (2) sensory impairments affecting hand function; (3) muscle weakness and functional limitations; and (4) unaddressed areas, such as structural changes, driving, assisting others, and preparing meals. DPN was found to significantly hinder hand function, reducing independence in ADLs and overall quality of life. This review highlights the need for comprehensive assessments that address not only impairments, but also activity limitations and participation restrictions, to capture the multifaceted challenges of DPN. Developing targeted assessments tailored to the specific needs of individuals with DPN is essential for improving intervention strategies and overall quality of care.