Green remediation using low-carbon cement-based stabilization/solidification approach

Contaminated soils pose a severe threat to human health and the environment. Cement-based stabilization/solidification has been a time- and cost-effective methods for soil remediation. However, low compatibility and high carbon footprint are major limitations for the conventional S/S method. A new remediation strategy that utilizes agricultural/industrial by-products and low-carbon cement for soil S/S has aroused researchers' attention in recent years. This can be regarded as “green remediation” in a broad sense, because such approach addresses the problems of contaminated soil while enabling resources recycling and mitigating the overall environmental impact (e.g., CO2 emission and landfill disposal) associated with solid waste management. This chapter introduces the S/S mechanisms of different low-carbon cement-based materials and discusses the state-of-the-art, benefits, and challenges of different green S/S technologies.