Framework of Digital Renaissance with human-in-the-loop

The data communication between the physical entities and virtual entities creating an innovative method for industry for organizing the product lifecycle. On top of that, the humanistic knowledge and information from the customer side should be brought in, which plays a crucial role in the intelligent industry and smart society. Hence, the data, information, and knowledge interactions among the social world, physical world, and cyber world should be modeled within a dynamic system. With the human-physical-cyber system, the intelligence cognition is achieved with the ability to perform prediction, synchronization, and optimization in the digital ecology. This chapter provides the detailed elements and structure of the human-physical-cyber system, as well as the evolution, milestones, and challenges in building the human-physical-cyber system.