Finite element modeling of bolted connections between cold-formed steel strips and hot rolled steel plates under static shear loading

A finite element model with three-dimensional solid elements is established to investigate the structural performance of bolted connections between cold-formed steel strips and hot rolled steel plates under shear. Non-linear material, geometrical and contact analysis is carried out to predict the load-extension curves of typical bolted connections with cold-formed steel strips of high yield strength and low ductility. The failure mode of interest in the present investigation is the bearing failure of cold-formed steel strip around bolt holes; a full description of the finite element model is presented. Based on test data, a stress-strain curve for the cold-formed steel strip is proposed which allows the cold-formed steel strip to yield and degrade in strength at large strain. The load-extension curves of four sets of test specimens were successfully predicted up to an extension of 3 mm. The predicted bearing resistance and the extensional stiffness of the bolted connections compare well with test data. It is found that stress-strain curves, contact stiffness and frictional coefficient between element interfaces, and clamping force developed in bolt shanks are important parameters for accurate prediction of the load-extension curves of bolted connections.