TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors Associated with Long-term Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation in Primary Angle Closure Disease
T2 - The CUHK PACG Longitudinal (CUPAL) Study
AU - Cheung, Carol Y.
AU - Li, Sophia Ling
AU - Chan, Noel
AU - Wong, Mandy Oi Man
AU - Chan, Poemen Pui Man
AU - Lai, Isabel
AU - Baig, Nafees
AU - Tan, Shaoying
AU - Man, Xiaofei
AU - Tang, Fangyao
AU - Wang, Yu Meng
AU - Tham, Clement C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Received for publication April 6, 2018; accepted May 22, 2018. From the *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and †Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong. C.Y.C. and S.L.L. are joint first authors and contributed equally. Supported by General Research Fund (GRF) from the Research Grant Council in Hong Kong for the funding year 2011 to 2012 (no. 474111), and Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF) from the Food and Health Bureau in Hong Kong. Disclosure: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Reprints: Clement C. Tham, FCOphthHK, Department of Oph-thalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; 4/F Hong Kong Eye Hospital, 147K Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR (e-mail: clemtham@cuhk.edu.hk). Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s website, www. glaucomajournal.com. Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000996
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/8/1
Y1 - 2018/8/1
N2 - Purpose: To determine the demographic, ocular, and systemic factors associated with long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation in primary angle closure disease (PACD). Methods: This prospective cohort study included 422 PACD eyes from 269 Chinese patients, including 274 primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes and 152 primary angle closure/primary angle closure suspect (PAC/PACS) eyes. Long-term IOP fluctuation defined as the SD of all IOP measurements over 2 years (at least 5 measurements in total). Chinese patients with PACD were recruited and followed up 3 monthly. Eyes with IOP-lowering surgery or lens extraction performed within the 2-year study period were excluded. Patient demographics, received treatments, ocular biometry, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and systemic factors (eg, hypertension, smoking) were evaluated. Generalized estimating equations adjusting for inter-eye correlation were used to determine the associations. Results: Eyes with PACG had significantly higher IOP fluctuation than PAC/PACS (2.4±1.2 versus 2.1±0.9 mm Hg; P=0.04). In the multivariate analysis with PACG eyes, higher baseline IOP (P<0.001), greater number of IOP-lowering medications (P<0.001), previous trabeculectomy (P=0.002), and current smoking (P=0.03) were significantly associated with larger IOP fluctuation, whereas diabetes mellitus was associated with lower IOP fluctuation (P=0.03). Among PAC/PACS eyes, younger age group (P<0.001), male sex (P=0.002), and higher baseline IOP (P<0.001) were significantly associated with larger IOP fluctuation. Conclusions: PACG eyes have greater IOP fluctuation than PAC/PACS eyes. Certain demographic, ocular, and systemic factors are associated with IOP fluctuation in PACD eyes.
AB - Purpose: To determine the demographic, ocular, and systemic factors associated with long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation in primary angle closure disease (PACD). Methods: This prospective cohort study included 422 PACD eyes from 269 Chinese patients, including 274 primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes and 152 primary angle closure/primary angle closure suspect (PAC/PACS) eyes. Long-term IOP fluctuation defined as the SD of all IOP measurements over 2 years (at least 5 measurements in total). Chinese patients with PACD were recruited and followed up 3 monthly. Eyes with IOP-lowering surgery or lens extraction performed within the 2-year study period were excluded. Patient demographics, received treatments, ocular biometry, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and systemic factors (eg, hypertension, smoking) were evaluated. Generalized estimating equations adjusting for inter-eye correlation were used to determine the associations. Results: Eyes with PACG had significantly higher IOP fluctuation than PAC/PACS (2.4±1.2 versus 2.1±0.9 mm Hg; P=0.04). In the multivariate analysis with PACG eyes, higher baseline IOP (P<0.001), greater number of IOP-lowering medications (P<0.001), previous trabeculectomy (P=0.002), and current smoking (P=0.03) were significantly associated with larger IOP fluctuation, whereas diabetes mellitus was associated with lower IOP fluctuation (P=0.03). Among PAC/PACS eyes, younger age group (P<0.001), male sex (P=0.002), and higher baseline IOP (P<0.001) were significantly associated with larger IOP fluctuation. Conclusions: PACG eyes have greater IOP fluctuation than PAC/PACS eyes. Certain demographic, ocular, and systemic factors are associated with IOP fluctuation in PACD eyes.
KW - affecting factors
KW - IOP fluctuation
KW - Key Words: long-term IOP
KW - PACD
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85048260860&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000996
DO - 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000996
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 29870431
AN - SCOPUS:85048260860
VL - 27
SP - 703
EP - 710
JO - Journal of Glaucoma
JF - Journal of Glaucoma
SN - 1057-0829
IS - 8
ER -