Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Immediately Affects Achilles Tendon Structure and Widespread Pressure Pain Thresholds in Healthy People: A Repeated-Measures Observational Study

Hio Teng Leong, Sean Docking, Michael Girdwood, Christian Bonello, Jill Cook, Ebonie Rio (Corresponding Author)

Research output: Journal article publicationJournal articleAcademic researchpeer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy is a common clinical treatment for tendinopathy, yet negative effects on tendon structure have been shown in animal studies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in healthy participants (i.e., no Achilles tendon pain or pathology). Design This study examined the effect of three bouts of weekly extracorporeal shockwave therapy for 3 wks in 13 healthy participants. Outcomes measures assessed were as follows: (a) Achilles tendon structure, quantified using ultrasound tissue characterization (before and 3 hrs after extracorporeal shockwave therapy), (b) pressure pain thresholds, over the Achilles tendon and common extensor tendon origin (before, immediately after, and 3 hrs after extracorporeal shockwave therapy), and (c) hop pain (before and immediately after extracorporeal shockwave therapy). Results There was a significant reduction in echo type I (P < 0.05) and increase in echo type II (P < 0.05) at 3 hrs after the first extracorporeal shockwave therapy session that recovered to baseline levels before week 2. There were no significant changes in ultrasound tissue characterization echo pattern observed in subsequent sessions. There were increased pressure pain thresholds immediately after extracorporeal shockwave therapy at the common extensor tendon origin but no significant change at the Achilles tendon. Pressure pain thresholds returned to baseline at 3 hrs after extracorporeal shockwave therapy. There were no significant changes in pressure pain threshold in subsequent sessions. Conclusions Extracorporeal shockwave therapy resulted in transient changes to tendon structure and widespread hyperalgesia.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)806-810
Number of pages5
JournalAmerican Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Volume98
Issue number9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2019
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Achilles
  • Pain
  • Shockwave
  • Tendon
  • Ultrasound

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
  • Rehabilitation

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