TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring gasification process and technology for biomass-waste utilization: A comprehensive review on the path to sustainable energy
AU - Ayub, Yousaf
AU - Ren, Jingzheng
AU - Shi, Tao
N1 - Funding Information:
The work described in this paper was fully supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China-General Research Fund (Project ID: P0037749, Funding Body Ref. No: 15303921, Project No. Q88R), a grant from Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China-General Research Fund (Project ID: P0046940, Funding Body Ref. No: 15305823, Project No. B-QC83) and the Research Committee of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University under student account code RHWR. The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to the financial support from the Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing (RIAM) of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (project code: 1-CDK2, Project ID: P0050827).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Institution of Chemical Engineers.
PY - 2024/8
Y1 - 2024/8
N2 - Biomass waste can be valorized into energy through gasification process. This study summarized the factors affecting gasification process including process technologies, parameters, feedstock, and catalysts application. Results indicates that the fluidized bed gasifier (FLG) is suitable for feedstock less than 6 mm size and up to 50 % moisture level while fix bed gasifier (FBG) is a better option to get high energy efficiency, if feedstock size is up to 5 cm with maximum moisture level of 60 %. While the entrained flow gasifier (EFG) could be an optimal option if the feedstock with fine particles and moisture level is less than 15 %. The effect of process temperature, pressure, gasifying agent, resident time, biomass particle size, and catalyst have been discussed. These parameters have a significant effect on the syngas quality. Literature based life cycle assessment results show that China, USA, Brazil, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh have the potential to reduce CO2 by 68.8, 71.3, 45.6, 10.1, 9.9, and 5.4 million tons/year by only application of poultry litter gasification as compared to land disposal. Technology adaptation, transportation, storage, and handling of biomass waste are the main challenges to achieve sustainability in waste valorization.
AB - Biomass waste can be valorized into energy through gasification process. This study summarized the factors affecting gasification process including process technologies, parameters, feedstock, and catalysts application. Results indicates that the fluidized bed gasifier (FLG) is suitable for feedstock less than 6 mm size and up to 50 % moisture level while fix bed gasifier (FBG) is a better option to get high energy efficiency, if feedstock size is up to 5 cm with maximum moisture level of 60 %. While the entrained flow gasifier (EFG) could be an optimal option if the feedstock with fine particles and moisture level is less than 15 %. The effect of process temperature, pressure, gasifying agent, resident time, biomass particle size, and catalyst have been discussed. These parameters have a significant effect on the syngas quality. Literature based life cycle assessment results show that China, USA, Brazil, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh have the potential to reduce CO2 by 68.8, 71.3, 45.6, 10.1, 9.9, and 5.4 million tons/year by only application of poultry litter gasification as compared to land disposal. Technology adaptation, transportation, storage, and handling of biomass waste are the main challenges to achieve sustainability in waste valorization.
KW - Biomass gasifiers
KW - Carbon neutrality
KW - Environmental assessment
KW - Gasification challenges
KW - Gasification process
KW - Sustainability
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582024007407
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85196389405&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.psep.2024.06.056
DO - 10.1016/j.psep.2024.06.056
M3 - Review article
SN - 0957-5820
VL - 188
SP - 1489
EP - 1501
JO - Process Safety and Environmental Protection
JF - Process Safety and Environmental Protection
ER -