Abstract
Responsive functional composites comprise of materials that can react to environmental stimuli and remodel their shapes. 4D printing and integrating active materials render enormous design flexibility to the printed structures. The 4D printing technology has witnessed significant progress in recent years; however, stimulation
method and mechanism, ingenious compound, printing resolution, and scale are specific warrant further research and development. This review extensively describes recent studies on indirect heating (electrical, magnetic, and light) methods for triggering shape memory polymers and liquid crystal elastomers. It also discusses
the miniaturization printing of active compounds at the submicron or nano level, which has initiated the era of mini self-robot, miniature medical equipment, and self-assembly structures. A further section is on robust construct models, numerical simulation, and advanced tools, i.e., ML, AI FE, for efficient verdict applicable
designs to accomplish a target shape change. In addition, this review highlights the potential applications such as soft robotics, tissue engineering, drug delivery, and 4DP structures as absorbers.
method and mechanism, ingenious compound, printing resolution, and scale are specific warrant further research and development. This review extensively describes recent studies on indirect heating (electrical, magnetic, and light) methods for triggering shape memory polymers and liquid crystal elastomers. It also discusses
the miniaturization printing of active compounds at the submicron or nano level, which has initiated the era of mini self-robot, miniature medical equipment, and self-assembly structures. A further section is on robust construct models, numerical simulation, and advanced tools, i.e., ML, AI FE, for efficient verdict applicable
designs to accomplish a target shape change. In addition, this review highlights the potential applications such as soft robotics, tissue engineering, drug delivery, and 4DP structures as absorbers.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Article number | 111778 |
Pages (from-to) | 111778 |
Number of pages | 27 |
Journal | European Polymer Journal |
Volume | 184 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 7 Feb 2023 |
Keywords
- 4D printing
- Indirect heating
- Micro-/Nano- printing
- Soft robotics
- Tissue engineering
- 4D printed absorbers