TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrowetting: A Consideration in Electroadhesion
AU - Li, Xinyi
AU - Choi, Changhyun
AU - Ma, Yuan
AU - Boonpuek, Perawat
AU - Felts, Jonathan R.
AU - Mullenbach, Joe
AU - Shultz, Craig
AU - Colgate, J. Edward
AU - Hipwell, M. Cynthia
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received December 15, 2019; revised February 26, 2020; accepted March 3, 2020. Date of publication March 8, 2020; date of current version August 25, 2020. This work was supported in part by Texas A&M University, in part by the Texas Governor’s University Research Initiative Program, and in part by the Texas A&M Chancellor’s Research Initiative Program. Surface haptics research performed at Northwestern University is supported by the National Science Foundation Grant number IIS-1518602 (Xinyi Li, Changhyun Choi, and Yuan Ma contributed equally.) (Corresponding authors: Yuan Ma and M. Cynthia Hipwell.) Xinyi Li, Changhyun Choi, Yuan Ma, Perawat Boonpuek, Jonathan R Felts, and M Cynthia Hipwell are with the Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; yuan.ma@ tamu.edu; [email protected]; [email protected]; cynthia.hipwell@ tamu.edu).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2008-2011 IEEE.
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - With the commercialization of haptic devices, understanding behavior under various environmental conditions is crucial for product optimization and cost reduction. Specifically, for surface haptic devices, the dependence of the friction force and the electroadhesion effect on the environmental relative humidity and the finger hydration level can directly impact their design and performance. This article presents the influence of relative humidity on the finger-surface friction force and the electroadhesion performance. Mechanisms including changes to Young's modulus of skin, contact angle change and capillary force were analyzed separately with experimental and numerical methods. Through comparison of the calculated capillary force in this paper and the electroadhesion force calculated in published papers, it was found that electrowetting at high voltage could contribute up to 60% of the total friction force increase in electroadhesion. Therefore, in future design of surface haptic devices, the effect of electrowetting should be considered carefully.
AB - With the commercialization of haptic devices, understanding behavior under various environmental conditions is crucial for product optimization and cost reduction. Specifically, for surface haptic devices, the dependence of the friction force and the electroadhesion effect on the environmental relative humidity and the finger hydration level can directly impact their design and performance. This article presents the influence of relative humidity on the finger-surface friction force and the electroadhesion performance. Mechanisms including changes to Young's modulus of skin, contact angle change and capillary force were analyzed separately with experimental and numerical methods. Through comparison of the calculated capillary force in this paper and the electroadhesion force calculated in published papers, it was found that electrowetting at high voltage could contribute up to 60% of the total friction force increase in electroadhesion. Therefore, in future design of surface haptic devices, the effect of electrowetting should be considered carefully.
KW - Electroadhesion
KW - electrowetting
KW - random multi-capillary simulation
KW - surface haptics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85081398237&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TOH.2020.2979439
DO - 10.1109/TOH.2020.2979439
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32149656
AN - SCOPUS:85081398237
SN - 1939-1412
VL - 13
SP - 522
EP - 529
JO - IEEE Transactions on Haptics
JF - IEEE Transactions on Haptics
IS - 3
M1 - 9028166
ER -