TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrically Small, Low-Profile, Huygens Circularly Polarized Antenna
AU - Lin, Wei
AU - Ziolkowski, Richard W.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received June 4, 2017; revised December 7, 2017; accepted December 12, 2017. Date of publication December 18, 2017; date of current version February 1, 2018. This work was supported by Australian Research Council under Grant DP160102219. (Corresponding author: Wei Lin.) W. Lin is with the Global Big Data Technologies Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia (e-mail: [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 1963-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2018/2
Y1 - 2018/2
N2 - The design, simulation studies, and experimental verification of an electrically small, low-profile, broadside-radiating Huygens circularly polarized (HCP) antenna are reported. To realize its unique circular polarization cardioid-shaped radiation characteristics in a compact structure, two pairs of the metamaterial-inspired near-field resonant parasitic elements, the Egyptian axe dipole (EAD) and the capacitively loaded loop (CLL), are integrated into a crossed-dipole configuration. The EAD (CLL) elements act as the orthogonal electric dipole (magnetic dipole) radiators. Balanced broadside-radiated electric and magnetic field amplitudes with the requisite 90° phase difference between them are realized by exciting these two pairs of electric and magnetic dipoles with a specially designed, unbalanced crossed-dipole structure. The electrically small (ka = 0.73) design operates at 1575 MHz. It is low profile 0.04λ0, and its entire volume is only 0.0018λ03. A prototype of this optimized HCP antenna system was fabricated, assembled, and tested. The measured results are in good agreement with their simulated values. They demonstrate that the prototype HCP antenna resonates at 1584 MHz with a 0.6 dB axial ratio, and produces the predicted Huygens cardioid-shaped radiation patterns. The measured peak realized LHCP gain was 2.7 dBic, and the associated front-to-back ratio was 17.7 dB.
AB - The design, simulation studies, and experimental verification of an electrically small, low-profile, broadside-radiating Huygens circularly polarized (HCP) antenna are reported. To realize its unique circular polarization cardioid-shaped radiation characteristics in a compact structure, two pairs of the metamaterial-inspired near-field resonant parasitic elements, the Egyptian axe dipole (EAD) and the capacitively loaded loop (CLL), are integrated into a crossed-dipole configuration. The EAD (CLL) elements act as the orthogonal electric dipole (magnetic dipole) radiators. Balanced broadside-radiated electric and magnetic field amplitudes with the requisite 90° phase difference between them are realized by exciting these two pairs of electric and magnetic dipoles with a specially designed, unbalanced crossed-dipole structure. The electrically small (ka = 0.73) design operates at 1575 MHz. It is low profile 0.04λ0, and its entire volume is only 0.0018λ03. A prototype of this optimized HCP antenna system was fabricated, assembled, and tested. The measured results are in good agreement with their simulated values. They demonstrate that the prototype HCP antenna resonates at 1584 MHz with a 0.6 dB axial ratio, and produces the predicted Huygens cardioid-shaped radiation patterns. The measured peak realized LHCP gain was 2.7 dBic, and the associated front-to-back ratio was 17.7 dB.
KW - Circular polarization (CP)
KW - electrically small antennas (ESAs)
KW - global positioning system (GPS)
KW - Huygens source
KW - near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) elements
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85040042492&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TAP.2017.2784432
DO - 10.1109/TAP.2017.2784432
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85040042492
SN - 0018-926X
VL - 66
SP - 636
EP - 643
JO - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
JF - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
IS - 2
M1 - 8219418
ER -