TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of embankment layouts on train aerodynamics in a wind tunnel configuration
AU - Li, Wenhui
AU - Liu, Tanghong
AU - Martinez-Vazquez, Pedro
AU - Guo, Zijian
AU - Huo, Xiaoshuai
AU - Xia, Yutao
AU - Chen, Zhengwei
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the experimental supports provided by the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (CARDC). The authors are indebted to Mr. Zhixiang Huang and Mr. Li Chen for their invaluable and substantive counsel during the tests. This work was supported by the National Railway Administration of China (Grant No. 18T043 ; Grant No. 2018Z035 ), the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51975591 ), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (Grant No. 2021zzts0170 ). The supports are gratefully acknowledged.
Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the experimental supports provided by the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (CARDC). The authors are indebted to Mr. Zhixiang Huang and Mr. Li Chen for their invaluable and substantive counsel during the tests. This work was supported by the National Railway Administration of China (Grant No. 18T043; Grant No. 2018Z035), the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51975591), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (Grant No. 2021zzts0170). The supports are gratefully acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Crosswind stability of rolling stocks running on an embankment has been a key focus for decades, stemmed from the high overturning risks under crosswind. The correct reproduction of the embankment layout in a wind tunnel is therefore of great significance for estimating the train's aerodynamics and running safety. In this study, four different 6-m-high embankment layouts are proposed to replicate realistic wind tunnel configurations with the improved detached eddy simulation (IDDES) method. These helped to estimate the aerodynamics of a leading vehicle when subjected to a block wind profile of 45 m/s at the typical yaw angle of 30°. Furthermore, a static wind tunnel test with a 1:20 scaled train/embankment model enabled the validation of the numerical algorithm. The overall results indicate that all the aerodynamic coefficients of the leading vehicle mounted on the leeward track of the embankment top, decrease rapidly with the extending length of the upstream embankment. Similar aerodynamic performance appears on scenarios such as wall-to-wall (W2W) and partially wall-to-wall (P–W2W), which highlight equivalences between W2W and P–W2W under yaw effects. However, those particular scenarios considerably underestimate the aerodynamic coefficients compared with a more realistic scenario based on open domain (OD) and motion boundaries. Therefore, the conservative assessment of the vehicle aerodynamic characteristics based on the finite-length-embankment in a wind tunnel test could be taken into consideration for determining the running safety.
AB - Crosswind stability of rolling stocks running on an embankment has been a key focus for decades, stemmed from the high overturning risks under crosswind. The correct reproduction of the embankment layout in a wind tunnel is therefore of great significance for estimating the train's aerodynamics and running safety. In this study, four different 6-m-high embankment layouts are proposed to replicate realistic wind tunnel configurations with the improved detached eddy simulation (IDDES) method. These helped to estimate the aerodynamics of a leading vehicle when subjected to a block wind profile of 45 m/s at the typical yaw angle of 30°. Furthermore, a static wind tunnel test with a 1:20 scaled train/embankment model enabled the validation of the numerical algorithm. The overall results indicate that all the aerodynamic coefficients of the leading vehicle mounted on the leeward track of the embankment top, decrease rapidly with the extending length of the upstream embankment. Similar aerodynamic performance appears on scenarios such as wall-to-wall (W2W) and partially wall-to-wall (P–W2W), which highlight equivalences between W2W and P–W2W under yaw effects. However, those particular scenarios considerably underestimate the aerodynamic coefficients compared with a more realistic scenario based on open domain (OD) and motion boundaries. Therefore, the conservative assessment of the vehicle aerodynamic characteristics based on the finite-length-embankment in a wind tunnel test could be taken into consideration for determining the running safety.
KW - Aerodynamics
KW - Embankment
KW - Ground infrastructure
KW - High-speed train
KW - Wind tunnel test
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119917615&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jweia.2021.104830
DO - 10.1016/j.jweia.2021.104830
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85119917615
SN - 0167-6105
VL - 220
JO - Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
JF - Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
M1 - 104830
ER -