Distributed gas sensing with optical fibre photothermal interferometry

L. I.N. Yuechuan; L. I.U. Fei; H. E. Xiangge; JIN Wei; Min Zhang; Fan Yang; Hoi Lut Ho; T. A.N. Yanzhen; Lijuan Gu

doi:10.1364/OE.25.031568

Distributed gas sensing with optical fibre photothermal interferometry

L. I.N. Yuechuan
, L. I.U. Fei
, H. E. Xiangge
, JIN Wei
, Min Zhang
, Fan Yang
, Hoi Lut Ho
, T. A.N. Yanzhen
, Lijuan Gu

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Research output: Journal article publication › Journal article › Academic research › peer-review

51 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We report the first distributed optical fibre trace-gas detection system based on photothermal interferometry (PTI) in a hollow-core photonic bandgap fibre (HC-PBF). Absorption of a modulated pump propagating in the gas-filled HC-PBF generates distributed phase modulation along the fibre, which is detected by a dual-pulse heterodyne phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) system. Quasi-distributed sensing experiment with two 28-meter-long HC-PBF sensing sections connected by single-mode transmission fibres demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of ~10 ppb acetylene with a pump power level of 55 mW and an effective noise bandwidth (ENBW) of 0.01 Hz, corresponding to a normalized detection limit of 5.5ppb.W/√Hz. Distributed sensing experiment over a 200-meter-long sensing cable made of serially connected HC-PBFs demonstrated a LOD of ~ 5 ppm with 62.5 mW peak pump power and 11.8 Hz ENBW, or a normalized detection limit of 312ppb.W/√Hz. The spatial resolution of the current distributed detection system is limited to ~ 30 m, but it is possible to reduce down to 1 meter or smaller by optimizing the phase detection system.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	31568-31585
Number of pages	18
Journal	Optics Express
Volume	25
Issue number	25
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.031568
Publication status	Published - 11 Dec 2017

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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10.1364/OE.25.031568

http://hdl.handle.net/10397/77048

Cite this

@article{a6e104fec74449ee84329903b2b88fef,

title = "Distributed gas sensing with optical fibre photothermal interferometry",

abstract = "We report the first distributed optical fibre trace-gas detection system based on photothermal interferometry (PTI) in a hollow-core photonic bandgap fibre (HC-PBF). Absorption of a modulated pump propagating in the gas-filled HC-PBF generates distributed phase modulation along the fibre, which is detected by a dual-pulse heterodyne phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) system. Quasi-distributed sensing experiment with two 28-meter-long HC-PBF sensing sections connected by single-mode transmission fibres demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of \textasciitilde{}10 ppb acetylene with a pump power level of 55 mW and an effective noise bandwidth (ENBW) of 0.01 Hz, corresponding to a normalized detection limit of 5.5ppb.W/√Hz. Distributed sensing experiment over a 200-meter-long sensing cable made of serially connected HC-PBFs demonstrated a LOD of \textasciitilde{} 5 ppm with 62.5 mW peak pump power and 11.8 Hz ENBW, or a normalized detection limit of 312ppb.W/√Hz. The spatial resolution of the current distributed detection system is limited to \textasciitilde{} 30 m, but it is possible to reduce down to 1 meter or smaller by optimizing the phase detection system.",

author = "Yuechuan, \{L. I.N.\} and Fei, \{L. I.U.\} and Xiangge, \{H. E.\} and JIN Wei and Min Zhang and Fan Yang and Ho, \{Hoi Lut\} and Yanzhen, \{T. A.N.\} and Lijuan Gu",

note = "Funding Information: Hong Kong SAR government GRF grant (PolyU 152064/14E); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC grants 61535004 and 61290313); Hong Kong Polytechnic University (4BCBE, 1-ZVG4 and 4-BCD1). Y.C. Lin and F. Liu contributed equally to this work. W. Jin and Y.C. Lin proposed the primary idea. Y.C. Lin, F. Yang, H.L. Ho and Y.Z. Tan prepared the HC-PBF gas samples. Y.C. Lin, F. Liu and X.G. He designed and conducted the experiments. W. Jin and M. Zhang supervised the whole experimental process. Y.C. Lin and W. Jin wrote and revised the paper, with contributions from M. Zhang, F. Liu, X.G. He and L.J. Gu. We also want to express thanks to Dr. Kun Chen from Tsinghua University for providing useful discussion and laser source. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Optical Society of America.",

year = "2017",

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doi = "10.1364/OE.25.031568",

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T1 - Distributed gas sensing with optical fibre photothermal interferometry

AU - Yuechuan, L. I.N.

AU - Fei, L. I.U.

AU - Xiangge, H. E.

AU - Wei, JIN

AU - Zhang, Min

AU - Yang, Fan

AU - Ho, Hoi Lut

AU - Yanzhen, T. A.N.

AU - Gu, Lijuan

N1 - Funding Information: Hong Kong SAR government GRF grant (PolyU 152064/14E); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC grants 61535004 and 61290313); Hong Kong Polytechnic University (4BCBE, 1-ZVG4 and 4-BCD1). Y.C. Lin and F. Liu contributed equally to this work. W. Jin and Y.C. Lin proposed the primary idea. Y.C. Lin, F. Yang, H.L. Ho and Y.Z. Tan prepared the HC-PBF gas samples. Y.C. Lin, F. Liu and X.G. He designed and conducted the experiments. W. Jin and M. Zhang supervised the whole experimental process. Y.C. Lin and W. Jin wrote and revised the paper, with contributions from M. Zhang, F. Liu, X.G. He and L.J. Gu. We also want to express thanks to Dr. Kun Chen from Tsinghua University for providing useful discussion and laser source. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Optical Society of America.

PY - 2017/12/11

Y1 - 2017/12/11

N2 - We report the first distributed optical fibre trace-gas detection system based on photothermal interferometry (PTI) in a hollow-core photonic bandgap fibre (HC-PBF). Absorption of a modulated pump propagating in the gas-filled HC-PBF generates distributed phase modulation along the fibre, which is detected by a dual-pulse heterodyne phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) system. Quasi-distributed sensing experiment with two 28-meter-long HC-PBF sensing sections connected by single-mode transmission fibres demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of ~10 ppb acetylene with a pump power level of 55 mW and an effective noise bandwidth (ENBW) of 0.01 Hz, corresponding to a normalized detection limit of 5.5ppb.W/√Hz. Distributed sensing experiment over a 200-meter-long sensing cable made of serially connected HC-PBFs demonstrated a LOD of ~ 5 ppm with 62.5 mW peak pump power and 11.8 Hz ENBW, or a normalized detection limit of 312ppb.W/√Hz. The spatial resolution of the current distributed detection system is limited to ~ 30 m, but it is possible to reduce down to 1 meter or smaller by optimizing the phase detection system.

AB - We report the first distributed optical fibre trace-gas detection system based on photothermal interferometry (PTI) in a hollow-core photonic bandgap fibre (HC-PBF). Absorption of a modulated pump propagating in the gas-filled HC-PBF generates distributed phase modulation along the fibre, which is detected by a dual-pulse heterodyne phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) system. Quasi-distributed sensing experiment with two 28-meter-long HC-PBF sensing sections connected by single-mode transmission fibres demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of ~10 ppb acetylene with a pump power level of 55 mW and an effective noise bandwidth (ENBW) of 0.01 Hz, corresponding to a normalized detection limit of 5.5ppb.W/√Hz. Distributed sensing experiment over a 200-meter-long sensing cable made of serially connected HC-PBFs demonstrated a LOD of ~ 5 ppm with 62.5 mW peak pump power and 11.8 Hz ENBW, or a normalized detection limit of 312ppb.W/√Hz. The spatial resolution of the current distributed detection system is limited to ~ 30 m, but it is possible to reduce down to 1 meter or smaller by optimizing the phase detection system.

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U2 - 10.1364/OE.25.031568

DO - 10.1364/OE.25.031568

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29245830

AN - SCOPUS:85038211100

SN - 1094-4087

VL - 25

SP - 31568

EP - 31585

JO - Optics Express

JF - Optics Express

IS - 25

ER -

Distributed gas sensing with optical fibre photothermal interferometry

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